LCOV - code coverage report
Current view: top level - src/backend/utils/adt - rangetypes.c (source / functions) Hit Total Coverage
Test: PostgreSQL 19devel Lines: 966 1120 86.2 %
Date: 2025-11-29 14:17:46 Functions: 80 88 90.9 %
Legend: Lines: hit not hit

          Line data    Source code
       1             : /*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
       2             :  *
       3             :  * rangetypes.c
       4             :  *    I/O functions, operators, and support functions for range types.
       5             :  *
       6             :  * The stored (serialized) format of a range value is:
       7             :  *
       8             :  *  4 bytes: varlena header
       9             :  *  4 bytes: range type's OID
      10             :  *  Lower boundary value, if any, aligned according to subtype's typalign
      11             :  *  Upper boundary value, if any, aligned according to subtype's typalign
      12             :  *  1 byte for flags
      13             :  *
      14             :  * This representation is chosen to avoid needing any padding before the
      15             :  * lower boundary value, even when it requires double alignment.  We can
      16             :  * expect that the varlena header is presented to us on a suitably aligned
      17             :  * boundary (possibly after detoasting), and then the lower boundary is too.
      18             :  * Note that this means we can't work with a packed (short varlena header)
      19             :  * value; we must detoast it first.
      20             :  *
      21             :  *
      22             :  * Portions Copyright (c) 1996-2025, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
      23             :  * Portions Copyright (c) 1994, Regents of the University of California
      24             :  *
      25             :  *
      26             :  * IDENTIFICATION
      27             :  *    src/backend/utils/adt/rangetypes.c
      28             :  *
      29             :  *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
      30             :  */
      31             : #include "postgres.h"
      32             : 
      33             : #include "common/hashfn.h"
      34             : #include "funcapi.h"
      35             : #include "libpq/pqformat.h"
      36             : #include "miscadmin.h"
      37             : #include "nodes/makefuncs.h"
      38             : #include "nodes/miscnodes.h"
      39             : #include "nodes/supportnodes.h"
      40             : #include "optimizer/clauses.h"
      41             : #include "optimizer/cost.h"
      42             : #include "optimizer/optimizer.h"
      43             : #include "utils/builtins.h"
      44             : #include "utils/date.h"
      45             : #include "utils/lsyscache.h"
      46             : #include "utils/rangetypes.h"
      47             : #include "utils/sortsupport.h"
      48             : #include "utils/timestamp.h"
      49             : #include "varatt.h"
      50             : 
      51             : 
      52             : /* fn_extra cache entry for one of the range I/O functions */
      53             : typedef struct RangeIOData
      54             : {
      55             :     TypeCacheEntry *typcache;   /* range type's typcache entry */
      56             :     FmgrInfo    typioproc;      /* element type's I/O function */
      57             :     Oid         typioparam;     /* element type's I/O parameter */
      58             : } RangeIOData;
      59             : 
      60             : 
      61             : static RangeIOData *get_range_io_data(FunctionCallInfo fcinfo, Oid rngtypid,
      62             :                                       IOFuncSelector func);
      63             : static int  range_fast_cmp(Datum a, Datum b, SortSupport ssup);
      64             : static char range_parse_flags(const char *flags_str);
      65             : static bool range_parse(const char *string, char *flags, char **lbound_str,
      66             :                         char **ubound_str, Node *escontext);
      67             : static const char *range_parse_bound(const char *string, const char *ptr,
      68             :                                      char **bound_str, bool *infinite,
      69             :                                      Node *escontext);
      70             : static char *range_deparse(char flags, const char *lbound_str,
      71             :                            const char *ubound_str);
      72             : static char *range_bound_escape(const char *value);
      73             : static Size datum_compute_size(Size data_length, Datum val, bool typbyval,
      74             :                                char typalign, int16 typlen, char typstorage);
      75             : static Pointer datum_write(Pointer ptr, Datum datum, bool typbyval,
      76             :                            char typalign, int16 typlen, char typstorage);
      77             : static Node *find_simplified_clause(PlannerInfo *root,
      78             :                                     Expr *rangeExpr, Expr *elemExpr);
      79             : static Expr *build_bound_expr(Expr *elemExpr, Datum val,
      80             :                               bool isLowerBound, bool isInclusive,
      81             :                               TypeCacheEntry *typeCache,
      82             :                               Oid opfamily, Oid rng_collation);
      83             : 
      84             : 
      85             : /*
      86             :  *----------------------------------------------------------
      87             :  * I/O FUNCTIONS
      88             :  *----------------------------------------------------------
      89             :  */
      90             : 
      91             : Datum
      92        7126 : range_in(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
      93             : {
      94        7126 :     char       *input_str = PG_GETARG_CSTRING(0);
      95        7126 :     Oid         rngtypoid = PG_GETARG_OID(1);
      96        7126 :     Oid         typmod = PG_GETARG_INT32(2);
      97        7126 :     Node       *escontext = fcinfo->context;
      98             :     RangeType  *range;
      99             :     RangeIOData *cache;
     100             :     char        flags;
     101             :     char       *lbound_str;
     102             :     char       *ubound_str;
     103             :     RangeBound  lower;
     104             :     RangeBound  upper;
     105             : 
     106        7126 :     check_stack_depth();        /* recurses when subtype is a range type */
     107             : 
     108        7126 :     cache = get_range_io_data(fcinfo, rngtypoid, IOFunc_input);
     109             : 
     110             :     /* parse */
     111        7126 :     if (!range_parse(input_str, &flags, &lbound_str, &ubound_str, escontext))
     112          18 :         PG_RETURN_NULL();
     113             : 
     114             :     /* call element type's input function */
     115        7030 :     if (RANGE_HAS_LBOUND(flags))
     116        6290 :         if (!InputFunctionCallSafe(&cache->typioproc, lbound_str,
     117             :                                    cache->typioparam, typmod,
     118             :                                    escontext, &lower.val))
     119           0 :             PG_RETURN_NULL();
     120        7030 :     if (RANGE_HAS_UBOUND(flags))
     121        6194 :         if (!InputFunctionCallSafe(&cache->typioproc, ubound_str,
     122             :                                    cache->typioparam, typmod,
     123             :                                    escontext, &upper.val))
     124          24 :             PG_RETURN_NULL();
     125             : 
     126        7006 :     lower.infinite = (flags & RANGE_LB_INF) != 0;
     127        7006 :     lower.inclusive = (flags & RANGE_LB_INC) != 0;
     128        7006 :     lower.lower = true;
     129        7006 :     upper.infinite = (flags & RANGE_UB_INF) != 0;
     130        7006 :     upper.inclusive = (flags & RANGE_UB_INC) != 0;
     131        7006 :     upper.lower = false;
     132             : 
     133             :     /* serialize and canonicalize */
     134        7006 :     range = make_range(cache->typcache, &lower, &upper,
     135        7006 :                        flags & RANGE_EMPTY, escontext);
     136             : 
     137        6988 :     PG_RETURN_RANGE_P(range);
     138             : }
     139             : 
     140             : Datum
     141      108246 : range_out(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
     142             : {
     143      108246 :     RangeType  *range = PG_GETARG_RANGE_P(0);
     144             :     char       *output_str;
     145             :     RangeIOData *cache;
     146             :     char        flags;
     147      108246 :     char       *lbound_str = NULL;
     148      108246 :     char       *ubound_str = NULL;
     149             :     RangeBound  lower;
     150             :     RangeBound  upper;
     151             :     bool        empty;
     152             : 
     153      108246 :     check_stack_depth();        /* recurses when subtype is a range type */
     154             : 
     155      108246 :     cache = get_range_io_data(fcinfo, RangeTypeGetOid(range), IOFunc_output);
     156             : 
     157             :     /* deserialize */
     158      108246 :     range_deserialize(cache->typcache, range, &lower, &upper, &empty);
     159      108246 :     flags = range_get_flags(range);
     160             : 
     161             :     /* call element type's output function */
     162      108246 :     if (RANGE_HAS_LBOUND(flags))
     163       88830 :         lbound_str = OutputFunctionCall(&cache->typioproc, lower.val);
     164      108246 :     if (RANGE_HAS_UBOUND(flags))
     165       88692 :         ubound_str = OutputFunctionCall(&cache->typioproc, upper.val);
     166             : 
     167             :     /* construct result string */
     168      108246 :     output_str = range_deparse(flags, lbound_str, ubound_str);
     169             : 
     170      108246 :     PG_RETURN_CSTRING(output_str);
     171             : }
     172             : 
     173             : /*
     174             :  * Binary representation: The first byte is the flags, then the lower bound
     175             :  * (if present), then the upper bound (if present).  Each bound is represented
     176             :  * by a 4-byte length header and the binary representation of that bound (as
     177             :  * returned by a call to the send function for the subtype).
     178             :  */
     179             : 
     180             : Datum
     181           0 : range_recv(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
     182             : {
     183           0 :     StringInfo  buf = (StringInfo) PG_GETARG_POINTER(0);
     184           0 :     Oid         rngtypoid = PG_GETARG_OID(1);
     185           0 :     int32       typmod = PG_GETARG_INT32(2);
     186             :     RangeType  *range;
     187             :     RangeIOData *cache;
     188             :     char        flags;
     189             :     RangeBound  lower;
     190             :     RangeBound  upper;
     191             : 
     192           0 :     check_stack_depth();        /* recurses when subtype is a range type */
     193             : 
     194           0 :     cache = get_range_io_data(fcinfo, rngtypoid, IOFunc_receive);
     195             : 
     196             :     /* receive the flags... */
     197           0 :     flags = (unsigned char) pq_getmsgbyte(buf);
     198             : 
     199             :     /*
     200             :      * Mask out any unsupported flags, particularly RANGE_xB_NULL which would
     201             :      * confuse following tests.  Note that range_serialize will take care of
     202             :      * cleaning up any inconsistencies in the remaining flags.
     203             :      */
     204           0 :     flags &= (RANGE_EMPTY |
     205             :               RANGE_LB_INC |
     206             :               RANGE_LB_INF |
     207             :               RANGE_UB_INC |
     208             :               RANGE_UB_INF);
     209             : 
     210             :     /* receive the bounds ... */
     211           0 :     if (RANGE_HAS_LBOUND(flags))
     212             :     {
     213           0 :         uint32      bound_len = pq_getmsgint(buf, 4);
     214           0 :         const char *bound_data = pq_getmsgbytes(buf, bound_len);
     215             :         StringInfoData bound_buf;
     216             : 
     217           0 :         initStringInfo(&bound_buf);
     218           0 :         appendBinaryStringInfo(&bound_buf, bound_data, bound_len);
     219             : 
     220           0 :         lower.val = ReceiveFunctionCall(&cache->typioproc,
     221             :                                         &bound_buf,
     222             :                                         cache->typioparam,
     223             :                                         typmod);
     224           0 :         pfree(bound_buf.data);
     225             :     }
     226             :     else
     227           0 :         lower.val = (Datum) 0;
     228             : 
     229           0 :     if (RANGE_HAS_UBOUND(flags))
     230             :     {
     231           0 :         uint32      bound_len = pq_getmsgint(buf, 4);
     232           0 :         const char *bound_data = pq_getmsgbytes(buf, bound_len);
     233             :         StringInfoData bound_buf;
     234             : 
     235           0 :         initStringInfo(&bound_buf);
     236           0 :         appendBinaryStringInfo(&bound_buf, bound_data, bound_len);
     237             : 
     238           0 :         upper.val = ReceiveFunctionCall(&cache->typioproc,
     239             :                                         &bound_buf,
     240             :                                         cache->typioparam,
     241             :                                         typmod);
     242           0 :         pfree(bound_buf.data);
     243             :     }
     244             :     else
     245           0 :         upper.val = (Datum) 0;
     246             : 
     247           0 :     pq_getmsgend(buf);
     248             : 
     249             :     /* finish constructing RangeBound representation */
     250           0 :     lower.infinite = (flags & RANGE_LB_INF) != 0;
     251           0 :     lower.inclusive = (flags & RANGE_LB_INC) != 0;
     252           0 :     lower.lower = true;
     253           0 :     upper.infinite = (flags & RANGE_UB_INF) != 0;
     254           0 :     upper.inclusive = (flags & RANGE_UB_INC) != 0;
     255           0 :     upper.lower = false;
     256             : 
     257             :     /* serialize and canonicalize */
     258           0 :     range = make_range(cache->typcache, &lower, &upper,
     259           0 :                        flags & RANGE_EMPTY, NULL);
     260             : 
     261           0 :     PG_RETURN_RANGE_P(range);
     262             : }
     263             : 
     264             : Datum
     265           0 : range_send(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
     266             : {
     267           0 :     RangeType  *range = PG_GETARG_RANGE_P(0);
     268             :     StringInfoData buf;
     269             :     RangeIOData *cache;
     270             :     char        flags;
     271             :     RangeBound  lower;
     272             :     RangeBound  upper;
     273             :     bool        empty;
     274             : 
     275           0 :     check_stack_depth();        /* recurses when subtype is a range type */
     276             : 
     277           0 :     initStringInfo(&buf);
     278             : 
     279           0 :     cache = get_range_io_data(fcinfo, RangeTypeGetOid(range), IOFunc_send);
     280             : 
     281             :     /* deserialize */
     282           0 :     range_deserialize(cache->typcache, range, &lower, &upper, &empty);
     283           0 :     flags = range_get_flags(range);
     284             : 
     285             :     /* construct output */
     286           0 :     pq_begintypsend(&buf);
     287             : 
     288           0 :     pq_sendbyte(&buf, flags);
     289             : 
     290           0 :     if (RANGE_HAS_LBOUND(flags))
     291             :     {
     292           0 :         bytea      *bound = SendFunctionCall(&cache->typioproc, lower.val);
     293           0 :         uint32      bound_len = VARSIZE(bound) - VARHDRSZ;
     294           0 :         char       *bound_data = VARDATA(bound);
     295             : 
     296           0 :         pq_sendint32(&buf, bound_len);
     297           0 :         pq_sendbytes(&buf, bound_data, bound_len);
     298             :     }
     299             : 
     300           0 :     if (RANGE_HAS_UBOUND(flags))
     301             :     {
     302           0 :         bytea      *bound = SendFunctionCall(&cache->typioproc, upper.val);
     303           0 :         uint32      bound_len = VARSIZE(bound) - VARHDRSZ;
     304           0 :         char       *bound_data = VARDATA(bound);
     305             : 
     306           0 :         pq_sendint32(&buf, bound_len);
     307           0 :         pq_sendbytes(&buf, bound_data, bound_len);
     308             :     }
     309             : 
     310           0 :     PG_RETURN_BYTEA_P(pq_endtypsend(&buf));
     311             : }
     312             : 
     313             : /*
     314             :  * get_range_io_data: get cached information needed for range type I/O
     315             :  *
     316             :  * The range I/O functions need a bit more cached info than other range
     317             :  * functions, so they store a RangeIOData struct in fn_extra, not just a
     318             :  * pointer to a type cache entry.
     319             :  */
     320             : static RangeIOData *
     321      115372 : get_range_io_data(FunctionCallInfo fcinfo, Oid rngtypid, IOFuncSelector func)
     322             : {
     323      115372 :     RangeIOData *cache = (RangeIOData *) fcinfo->flinfo->fn_extra;
     324             : 
     325      115372 :     if (cache == NULL || cache->typcache->type_id != rngtypid)
     326             :     {
     327             :         int16       typlen;
     328             :         bool        typbyval;
     329             :         char        typalign;
     330             :         char        typdelim;
     331             :         Oid         typiofunc;
     332             : 
     333       10412 :         cache = (RangeIOData *) MemoryContextAlloc(fcinfo->flinfo->fn_mcxt,
     334             :                                                    sizeof(RangeIOData));
     335       10412 :         cache->typcache = lookup_type_cache(rngtypid, TYPECACHE_RANGE_INFO);
     336       10412 :         if (cache->typcache->rngelemtype == NULL)
     337           0 :             elog(ERROR, "type %u is not a range type", rngtypid);
     338             : 
     339             :         /* get_type_io_data does more than we need, but is convenient */
     340       10412 :         get_type_io_data(cache->typcache->rngelemtype->type_id,
     341             :                          func,
     342             :                          &typlen,
     343             :                          &typbyval,
     344             :                          &typalign,
     345             :                          &typdelim,
     346             :                          &cache->typioparam,
     347             :                          &typiofunc);
     348             : 
     349       10412 :         if (!OidIsValid(typiofunc))
     350             :         {
     351             :             /* this could only happen for receive or send */
     352           0 :             if (func == IOFunc_receive)
     353           0 :                 ereport(ERROR,
     354             :                         (errcode(ERRCODE_UNDEFINED_FUNCTION),
     355             :                          errmsg("no binary input function available for type %s",
     356             :                                 format_type_be(cache->typcache->rngelemtype->type_id))));
     357             :             else
     358           0 :                 ereport(ERROR,
     359             :                         (errcode(ERRCODE_UNDEFINED_FUNCTION),
     360             :                          errmsg("no binary output function available for type %s",
     361             :                                 format_type_be(cache->typcache->rngelemtype->type_id))));
     362             :         }
     363       10412 :         fmgr_info_cxt(typiofunc, &cache->typioproc,
     364       10412 :                       fcinfo->flinfo->fn_mcxt);
     365             : 
     366       10412 :         fcinfo->flinfo->fn_extra = cache;
     367             :     }
     368             : 
     369      115372 :     return cache;
     370             : }
     371             : 
     372             : 
     373             : /*
     374             :  *----------------------------------------------------------
     375             :  * GENERIC FUNCTIONS
     376             :  *----------------------------------------------------------
     377             :  */
     378             : 
     379             : /* Construct standard-form range value from two arguments */
     380             : Datum
     381      110106 : range_constructor2(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
     382             : {
     383      110106 :     Datum       arg1 = PG_GETARG_DATUM(0);
     384      110106 :     Datum       arg2 = PG_GETARG_DATUM(1);
     385      110106 :     Oid         rngtypid = get_fn_expr_rettype(fcinfo->flinfo);
     386             :     RangeType  *range;
     387             :     TypeCacheEntry *typcache;
     388             :     RangeBound  lower;
     389             :     RangeBound  upper;
     390             : 
     391      110106 :     typcache = range_get_typcache(fcinfo, rngtypid);
     392             : 
     393      110106 :     lower.val = PG_ARGISNULL(0) ? (Datum) 0 : arg1;
     394      110106 :     lower.infinite = PG_ARGISNULL(0);
     395      110106 :     lower.inclusive = true;
     396      110106 :     lower.lower = true;
     397             : 
     398      110106 :     upper.val = PG_ARGISNULL(1) ? (Datum) 0 : arg2;
     399      110106 :     upper.infinite = PG_ARGISNULL(1);
     400      110106 :     upper.inclusive = false;
     401      110106 :     upper.lower = false;
     402             : 
     403      110106 :     range = make_range(typcache, &lower, &upper, false, NULL);
     404             : 
     405      110070 :     PG_RETURN_RANGE_P(range);
     406             : }
     407             : 
     408             : /* Construct general range value from three arguments */
     409             : Datum
     410        5208 : range_constructor3(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
     411             : {
     412        5208 :     Datum       arg1 = PG_GETARG_DATUM(0);
     413        5208 :     Datum       arg2 = PG_GETARG_DATUM(1);
     414        5208 :     Oid         rngtypid = get_fn_expr_rettype(fcinfo->flinfo);
     415             :     RangeType  *range;
     416             :     TypeCacheEntry *typcache;
     417             :     RangeBound  lower;
     418             :     RangeBound  upper;
     419             :     char        flags;
     420             : 
     421        5208 :     typcache = range_get_typcache(fcinfo, rngtypid);
     422             : 
     423        5208 :     if (PG_ARGISNULL(2))
     424           0 :         ereport(ERROR,
     425             :                 (errcode(ERRCODE_DATA_EXCEPTION),
     426             :                  errmsg("range constructor flags argument must not be null")));
     427             : 
     428        5208 :     flags = range_parse_flags(text_to_cstring(PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(2)));
     429             : 
     430        5208 :     lower.val = PG_ARGISNULL(0) ? (Datum) 0 : arg1;
     431        5208 :     lower.infinite = PG_ARGISNULL(0);
     432        5208 :     lower.inclusive = (flags & RANGE_LB_INC) != 0;
     433        5208 :     lower.lower = true;
     434             : 
     435        5208 :     upper.val = PG_ARGISNULL(1) ? (Datum) 0 : arg2;
     436        5208 :     upper.infinite = PG_ARGISNULL(1);
     437        5208 :     upper.inclusive = (flags & RANGE_UB_INC) != 0;
     438        5208 :     upper.lower = false;
     439             : 
     440        5208 :     range = make_range(typcache, &lower, &upper, false, NULL);
     441             : 
     442        5208 :     PG_RETURN_RANGE_P(range);
     443             : }
     444             : 
     445             : 
     446             : /* range -> subtype functions */
     447             : 
     448             : /* extract lower bound value */
     449             : Datum
     450         258 : range_lower(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
     451             : {
     452         258 :     RangeType  *r1 = PG_GETARG_RANGE_P(0);
     453             :     TypeCacheEntry *typcache;
     454             :     RangeBound  lower;
     455             :     RangeBound  upper;
     456             :     bool        empty;
     457             : 
     458         258 :     typcache = range_get_typcache(fcinfo, RangeTypeGetOid(r1));
     459             : 
     460         258 :     range_deserialize(typcache, r1, &lower, &upper, &empty);
     461             : 
     462             :     /* Return NULL if there's no finite lower bound */
     463         258 :     if (empty || lower.infinite)
     464          36 :         PG_RETURN_NULL();
     465             : 
     466         222 :     PG_RETURN_DATUM(lower.val);
     467             : }
     468             : 
     469             : /* extract upper bound value */
     470             : Datum
     471         228 : range_upper(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
     472             : {
     473         228 :     RangeType  *r1 = PG_GETARG_RANGE_P(0);
     474             :     TypeCacheEntry *typcache;
     475             :     RangeBound  lower;
     476             :     RangeBound  upper;
     477             :     bool        empty;
     478             : 
     479         228 :     typcache = range_get_typcache(fcinfo, RangeTypeGetOid(r1));
     480             : 
     481         228 :     range_deserialize(typcache, r1, &lower, &upper, &empty);
     482             : 
     483             :     /* Return NULL if there's no finite upper bound */
     484         228 :     if (empty || upper.infinite)
     485          36 :         PG_RETURN_NULL();
     486             : 
     487         192 :     PG_RETURN_DATUM(upper.val);
     488             : }
     489             : 
     490             : 
     491             : /* range -> bool functions */
     492             : 
     493             : /* is range empty? */
     494             : Datum
     495        2196 : range_empty(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
     496             : {
     497        2196 :     RangeType  *r1 = PG_GETARG_RANGE_P(0);
     498        2196 :     char        flags = range_get_flags(r1);
     499             : 
     500        2196 :     PG_RETURN_BOOL(flags & RANGE_EMPTY);
     501             : }
     502             : 
     503             : /* is lower bound inclusive? */
     504             : Datum
     505          72 : range_lower_inc(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
     506             : {
     507          72 :     RangeType  *r1 = PG_GETARG_RANGE_P(0);
     508          72 :     char        flags = range_get_flags(r1);
     509             : 
     510          72 :     PG_RETURN_BOOL(flags & RANGE_LB_INC);
     511             : }
     512             : 
     513             : /* is upper bound inclusive? */
     514             : Datum
     515          72 : range_upper_inc(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
     516             : {
     517          72 :     RangeType  *r1 = PG_GETARG_RANGE_P(0);
     518          72 :     char        flags = range_get_flags(r1);
     519             : 
     520          72 :     PG_RETURN_BOOL(flags & RANGE_UB_INC);
     521             : }
     522             : 
     523             : /* is lower bound infinite? */
     524             : Datum
     525          72 : range_lower_inf(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
     526             : {
     527          72 :     RangeType  *r1 = PG_GETARG_RANGE_P(0);
     528          72 :     char        flags = range_get_flags(r1);
     529             : 
     530          72 :     PG_RETURN_BOOL(flags & RANGE_LB_INF);
     531             : }
     532             : 
     533             : /* is upper bound infinite? */
     534             : Datum
     535          72 : range_upper_inf(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
     536             : {
     537          72 :     RangeType  *r1 = PG_GETARG_RANGE_P(0);
     538          72 :     char        flags = range_get_flags(r1);
     539             : 
     540          72 :     PG_RETURN_BOOL(flags & RANGE_UB_INF);
     541             : }
     542             : 
     543             : 
     544             : /* range, element -> bool functions */
     545             : 
     546             : /* contains? */
     547             : Datum
     548       76200 : range_contains_elem(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
     549             : {
     550       76200 :     RangeType  *r = PG_GETARG_RANGE_P(0);
     551       76200 :     Datum       val = PG_GETARG_DATUM(1);
     552             :     TypeCacheEntry *typcache;
     553             : 
     554       76200 :     typcache = range_get_typcache(fcinfo, RangeTypeGetOid(r));
     555             : 
     556       76200 :     PG_RETURN_BOOL(range_contains_elem_internal(typcache, r, val));
     557             : }
     558             : 
     559             : /* contained by? */
     560             : Datum
     561          84 : elem_contained_by_range(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
     562             : {
     563          84 :     Datum       val = PG_GETARG_DATUM(0);
     564          84 :     RangeType  *r = PG_GETARG_RANGE_P(1);
     565             :     TypeCacheEntry *typcache;
     566             : 
     567          84 :     typcache = range_get_typcache(fcinfo, RangeTypeGetOid(r));
     568             : 
     569          84 :     PG_RETURN_BOOL(range_contains_elem_internal(typcache, r, val));
     570             : }
     571             : 
     572             : 
     573             : /* range, range -> bool functions */
     574             : 
     575             : /* equality (internal version) */
     576             : bool
     577      158918 : range_eq_internal(TypeCacheEntry *typcache, const RangeType *r1, const RangeType *r2)
     578             : {
     579             :     RangeBound  lower1,
     580             :                 lower2;
     581             :     RangeBound  upper1,
     582             :                 upper2;
     583             :     bool        empty1,
     584             :                 empty2;
     585             : 
     586             :     /* Different types should be prevented by ANYRANGE matching rules */
     587      158918 :     if (RangeTypeGetOid(r1) != RangeTypeGetOid(r2))
     588           0 :         elog(ERROR, "range types do not match");
     589             : 
     590      158918 :     range_deserialize(typcache, r1, &lower1, &upper1, &empty1);
     591      158918 :     range_deserialize(typcache, r2, &lower2, &upper2, &empty2);
     592             : 
     593      158918 :     if (empty1 && empty2)
     594        7566 :         return true;
     595      151352 :     if (empty1 != empty2)
     596       13512 :         return false;
     597             : 
     598      137840 :     if (range_cmp_bounds(typcache, &lower1, &lower2) != 0)
     599       80718 :         return false;
     600             : 
     601       57122 :     if (range_cmp_bounds(typcache, &upper1, &upper2) != 0)
     602       33588 :         return false;
     603             : 
     604       23534 :     return true;
     605             : }
     606             : 
     607             : /* equality */
     608             : Datum
     609       79234 : range_eq(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
     610             : {
     611       79234 :     RangeType  *r1 = PG_GETARG_RANGE_P(0);
     612       79234 :     RangeType  *r2 = PG_GETARG_RANGE_P(1);
     613             :     TypeCacheEntry *typcache;
     614             : 
     615       79234 :     typcache = range_get_typcache(fcinfo, RangeTypeGetOid(r1));
     616             : 
     617       79234 :     PG_RETURN_BOOL(range_eq_internal(typcache, r1, r2));
     618             : }
     619             : 
     620             : /* inequality (internal version) */
     621             : bool
     622           0 : range_ne_internal(TypeCacheEntry *typcache, const RangeType *r1, const RangeType *r2)
     623             : {
     624           0 :     return (!range_eq_internal(typcache, r1, r2));
     625             : }
     626             : 
     627             : /* inequality */
     628             : Datum
     629           0 : range_ne(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
     630             : {
     631           0 :     RangeType  *r1 = PG_GETARG_RANGE_P(0);
     632           0 :     RangeType  *r2 = PG_GETARG_RANGE_P(1);
     633             :     TypeCacheEntry *typcache;
     634             : 
     635           0 :     typcache = range_get_typcache(fcinfo, RangeTypeGetOid(r1));
     636             : 
     637           0 :     PG_RETURN_BOOL(range_ne_internal(typcache, r1, r2));
     638             : }
     639             : 
     640             : /* contains? */
     641             : Datum
     642      154470 : range_contains(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
     643             : {
     644      154470 :     RangeType  *r1 = PG_GETARG_RANGE_P(0);
     645      154470 :     RangeType  *r2 = PG_GETARG_RANGE_P(1);
     646             :     TypeCacheEntry *typcache;
     647             : 
     648      154470 :     typcache = range_get_typcache(fcinfo, RangeTypeGetOid(r1));
     649             : 
     650      154470 :     PG_RETURN_BOOL(range_contains_internal(typcache, r1, r2));
     651             : }
     652             : 
     653             : /* contained by? */
     654             : Datum
     655       76932 : range_contained_by(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
     656             : {
     657       76932 :     RangeType  *r1 = PG_GETARG_RANGE_P(0);
     658       76932 :     RangeType  *r2 = PG_GETARG_RANGE_P(1);
     659             :     TypeCacheEntry *typcache;
     660             : 
     661       76932 :     typcache = range_get_typcache(fcinfo, RangeTypeGetOid(r1));
     662             : 
     663       76932 :     PG_RETURN_BOOL(range_contained_by_internal(typcache, r1, r2));
     664             : }
     665             : 
     666             : /* strictly left of? (internal version) */
     667             : bool
     668      122182 : range_before_internal(TypeCacheEntry *typcache, const RangeType *r1, const RangeType *r2)
     669             : {
     670             :     RangeBound  lower1,
     671             :                 lower2;
     672             :     RangeBound  upper1,
     673             :                 upper2;
     674             :     bool        empty1,
     675             :                 empty2;
     676             : 
     677             :     /* Different types should be prevented by ANYRANGE matching rules */
     678      122182 :     if (RangeTypeGetOid(r1) != RangeTypeGetOid(r2))
     679           0 :         elog(ERROR, "range types do not match");
     680             : 
     681      122182 :     range_deserialize(typcache, r1, &lower1, &upper1, &empty1);
     682      122182 :     range_deserialize(typcache, r2, &lower2, &upper2, &empty2);
     683             : 
     684             :     /* An empty range is neither before nor after any other range */
     685      122182 :     if (empty1 || empty2)
     686       14910 :         return false;
     687             : 
     688      107272 :     return (range_cmp_bounds(typcache, &upper1, &lower2) < 0);
     689             : }
     690             : 
     691             : /* strictly left of? */
     692             : Datum
     693       78918 : range_before(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
     694             : {
     695       78918 :     RangeType  *r1 = PG_GETARG_RANGE_P(0);
     696       78918 :     RangeType  *r2 = PG_GETARG_RANGE_P(1);
     697             :     TypeCacheEntry *typcache;
     698             : 
     699       78918 :     typcache = range_get_typcache(fcinfo, RangeTypeGetOid(r1));
     700             : 
     701       78918 :     PG_RETURN_BOOL(range_before_internal(typcache, r1, r2));
     702             : }
     703             : 
     704             : /* strictly right of? (internal version) */
     705             : bool
     706      198364 : range_after_internal(TypeCacheEntry *typcache, const RangeType *r1, const RangeType *r2)
     707             : {
     708             :     RangeBound  lower1,
     709             :                 lower2;
     710             :     RangeBound  upper1,
     711             :                 upper2;
     712             :     bool        empty1,
     713             :                 empty2;
     714             : 
     715             :     /* Different types should be prevented by ANYRANGE matching rules */
     716      198364 :     if (RangeTypeGetOid(r1) != RangeTypeGetOid(r2))
     717           0 :         elog(ERROR, "range types do not match");
     718             : 
     719      198364 :     range_deserialize(typcache, r1, &lower1, &upper1, &empty1);
     720      198364 :     range_deserialize(typcache, r2, &lower2, &upper2, &empty2);
     721             : 
     722             :     /* An empty range is neither before nor after any other range */
     723      198364 :     if (empty1 || empty2)
     724       14310 :         return false;
     725             : 
     726      184054 :     return (range_cmp_bounds(typcache, &lower1, &upper2) > 0);
     727             : }
     728             : 
     729             : /* strictly right of? */
     730             : Datum
     731       78306 : range_after(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
     732             : {
     733       78306 :     RangeType  *r1 = PG_GETARG_RANGE_P(0);
     734       78306 :     RangeType  *r2 = PG_GETARG_RANGE_P(1);
     735             :     TypeCacheEntry *typcache;
     736             : 
     737       78306 :     typcache = range_get_typcache(fcinfo, RangeTypeGetOid(r1));
     738             : 
     739       78306 :     PG_RETURN_BOOL(range_after_internal(typcache, r1, r2));
     740             : }
     741             : 
     742             : /*
     743             :  * Check if two bounds A and B are "adjacent", where A is an upper bound and B
     744             :  * is a lower bound. For the bounds to be adjacent, each subtype value must
     745             :  * satisfy strictly one of the bounds: there are no values which satisfy both
     746             :  * bounds (i.e. less than A and greater than B); and there are no values which
     747             :  * satisfy neither bound (i.e. greater than A and less than B).
     748             :  *
     749             :  * For discrete ranges, we rely on the canonicalization function to see if A..B
     750             :  * normalizes to empty. (If there is no canonicalization function, it's
     751             :  * impossible for such a range to normalize to empty, so we needn't bother to
     752             :  * try.)
     753             :  *
     754             :  * If A == B, the ranges are adjacent only if the bounds have different
     755             :  * inclusive flags (i.e., exactly one of the ranges includes the common
     756             :  * boundary point).
     757             :  *
     758             :  * And if A > B then the ranges are not adjacent in this order.
     759             :  */
     760             : bool
     761      469242 : bounds_adjacent(TypeCacheEntry *typcache, RangeBound boundA, RangeBound boundB)
     762             : {
     763             :     int         cmp;
     764             : 
     765             :     Assert(!boundA.lower && boundB.lower);
     766             : 
     767      469242 :     cmp = range_cmp_bound_values(typcache, &boundA, &boundB);
     768      469242 :     if (cmp < 0)
     769             :     {
     770             :         RangeType  *r;
     771             : 
     772             :         /*
     773             :          * Bounds do not overlap; see if there are points in between.
     774             :          */
     775             : 
     776             :         /* in a continuous subtype, there are assumed to be points between */
     777      143316 :         if (!OidIsValid(typcache->rng_canonical_finfo.fn_oid))
     778         924 :             return false;
     779             : 
     780             :         /*
     781             :          * The bounds are of a discrete range type; so make a range A..B and
     782             :          * see if it's empty.
     783             :          */
     784             : 
     785             :         /* flip the inclusion flags */
     786      142392 :         boundA.inclusive = !boundA.inclusive;
     787      142392 :         boundB.inclusive = !boundB.inclusive;
     788             :         /* change upper/lower labels to avoid Assert failures */
     789      142392 :         boundA.lower = true;
     790      142392 :         boundB.lower = false;
     791      142392 :         r = make_range(typcache, &boundA, &boundB, false, NULL);
     792      142392 :         return RangeIsEmpty(r);
     793             :     }
     794      325926 :     else if (cmp == 0)
     795        1892 :         return boundA.inclusive != boundB.inclusive;
     796             :     else
     797      324034 :         return false;           /* bounds overlap */
     798             : }
     799             : 
     800             : /* adjacent to (but not overlapping)? (internal version) */
     801             : bool
     802      142128 : range_adjacent_internal(TypeCacheEntry *typcache, const RangeType *r1, const RangeType *r2)
     803             : {
     804             :     RangeBound  lower1,
     805             :                 lower2;
     806             :     RangeBound  upper1,
     807             :                 upper2;
     808             :     bool        empty1,
     809             :                 empty2;
     810             : 
     811             :     /* Different types should be prevented by ANYRANGE matching rules */
     812      142128 :     if (RangeTypeGetOid(r1) != RangeTypeGetOid(r2))
     813           0 :         elog(ERROR, "range types do not match");
     814             : 
     815      142128 :     range_deserialize(typcache, r1, &lower1, &upper1, &empty1);
     816      142128 :     range_deserialize(typcache, r2, &lower2, &upper2, &empty2);
     817             : 
     818             :     /* An empty range is not adjacent to any other range */
     819      142128 :     if (empty1 || empty2)
     820       12000 :         return false;
     821             : 
     822             :     /*
     823             :      * Given two ranges A..B and C..D, the ranges are adjacent if and only if
     824             :      * B is adjacent to C, or D is adjacent to A.
     825             :      */
     826      258748 :     return (bounds_adjacent(typcache, upper1, lower2) ||
     827      128620 :             bounds_adjacent(typcache, upper2, lower1));
     828             : }
     829             : 
     830             : /* adjacent to (but not overlapping)? */
     831             : Datum
     832       74436 : range_adjacent(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
     833             : {
     834       74436 :     RangeType  *r1 = PG_GETARG_RANGE_P(0);
     835       74436 :     RangeType  *r2 = PG_GETARG_RANGE_P(1);
     836             :     TypeCacheEntry *typcache;
     837             : 
     838       74436 :     typcache = range_get_typcache(fcinfo, RangeTypeGetOid(r1));
     839             : 
     840       74436 :     PG_RETURN_BOOL(range_adjacent_internal(typcache, r1, r2));
     841             : }
     842             : 
     843             : /* overlaps? (internal version) */
     844             : bool
     845       96928 : range_overlaps_internal(TypeCacheEntry *typcache, const RangeType *r1, const RangeType *r2)
     846             : {
     847             :     RangeBound  lower1,
     848             :                 lower2;
     849             :     RangeBound  upper1,
     850             :                 upper2;
     851             :     bool        empty1,
     852             :                 empty2;
     853             : 
     854             :     /* Different types should be prevented by ANYRANGE matching rules */
     855       96928 :     if (RangeTypeGetOid(r1) != RangeTypeGetOid(r2))
     856           0 :         elog(ERROR, "range types do not match");
     857             : 
     858       96928 :     range_deserialize(typcache, r1, &lower1, &upper1, &empty1);
     859       96928 :     range_deserialize(typcache, r2, &lower2, &upper2, &empty2);
     860             : 
     861             :     /* An empty range does not overlap any other range */
     862       96928 :     if (empty1 || empty2)
     863       14100 :         return false;
     864             : 
     865      159046 :     if (range_cmp_bounds(typcache, &lower1, &lower2) >= 0 &&
     866       76218 :         range_cmp_bounds(typcache, &lower1, &upper2) <= 0)
     867        5244 :         return true;
     868             : 
     869       84194 :     if (range_cmp_bounds(typcache, &lower2, &lower1) >= 0 &&
     870        6610 :         range_cmp_bounds(typcache, &lower2, &upper1) <= 0)
     871        5992 :         return true;
     872             : 
     873       71592 :     return false;
     874             : }
     875             : 
     876             : /* overlaps? */
     877             : Datum
     878       77432 : range_overlaps(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
     879             : {
     880       77432 :     RangeType  *r1 = PG_GETARG_RANGE_P(0);
     881       77432 :     RangeType  *r2 = PG_GETARG_RANGE_P(1);
     882             :     TypeCacheEntry *typcache;
     883             : 
     884       77432 :     typcache = range_get_typcache(fcinfo, RangeTypeGetOid(r1));
     885             : 
     886       77432 :     PG_RETURN_BOOL(range_overlaps_internal(typcache, r1, r2));
     887             : }
     888             : 
     889             : /* does not extend to right of? (internal version) */
     890             : bool
     891      130550 : range_overleft_internal(TypeCacheEntry *typcache, const RangeType *r1, const RangeType *r2)
     892             : {
     893             :     RangeBound  lower1,
     894             :                 lower2;
     895             :     RangeBound  upper1,
     896             :                 upper2;
     897             :     bool        empty1,
     898             :                 empty2;
     899             : 
     900             :     /* Different types should be prevented by ANYRANGE matching rules */
     901      130550 :     if (RangeTypeGetOid(r1) != RangeTypeGetOid(r2))
     902           0 :         elog(ERROR, "range types do not match");
     903             : 
     904      130550 :     range_deserialize(typcache, r1, &lower1, &upper1, &empty1);
     905      130550 :     range_deserialize(typcache, r2, &lower2, &upper2, &empty2);
     906             : 
     907             :     /* An empty range is neither before nor after any other range */
     908      130550 :     if (empty1 || empty2)
     909       13146 :         return false;
     910             : 
     911      117404 :     if (range_cmp_bounds(typcache, &upper1, &upper2) <= 0)
     912       40626 :         return true;
     913             : 
     914       76778 :     return false;
     915             : }
     916             : 
     917             : /* does not extend to right of? */
     918             : Datum
     919       76506 : range_overleft(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
     920             : {
     921       76506 :     RangeType  *r1 = PG_GETARG_RANGE_P(0);
     922       76506 :     RangeType  *r2 = PG_GETARG_RANGE_P(1);
     923             :     TypeCacheEntry *typcache;
     924             : 
     925       76506 :     typcache = range_get_typcache(fcinfo, RangeTypeGetOid(r1));
     926             : 
     927       76506 :     PG_RETURN_BOOL(range_overleft_internal(typcache, r1, r2));
     928             : }
     929             : 
     930             : /* does not extend to left of? (internal version) */
     931             : bool
     932      218040 : range_overright_internal(TypeCacheEntry *typcache, const RangeType *r1, const RangeType *r2)
     933             : {
     934             :     RangeBound  lower1,
     935             :                 lower2;
     936             :     RangeBound  upper1,
     937             :                 upper2;
     938             :     bool        empty1,
     939             :                 empty2;
     940             : 
     941             :     /* Different types should be prevented by ANYRANGE matching rules */
     942      218040 :     if (RangeTypeGetOid(r1) != RangeTypeGetOid(r2))
     943           0 :         elog(ERROR, "range types do not match");
     944             : 
     945      218040 :     range_deserialize(typcache, r1, &lower1, &upper1, &empty1);
     946      218040 :     range_deserialize(typcache, r2, &lower2, &upper2, &empty2);
     947             : 
     948             :     /* An empty range is neither before nor after any other range */
     949      218040 :     if (empty1 || empty2)
     950       13146 :         return false;
     951             : 
     952      204894 :     if (range_cmp_bounds(typcache, &lower1, &lower2) >= 0)
     953      190958 :         return true;
     954             : 
     955       13936 :     return false;
     956             : }
     957             : 
     958             : /* does not extend to left of? */
     959             : Datum
     960       76500 : range_overright(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
     961             : {
     962       76500 :     RangeType  *r1 = PG_GETARG_RANGE_P(0);
     963       76500 :     RangeType  *r2 = PG_GETARG_RANGE_P(1);
     964             :     TypeCacheEntry *typcache;
     965             : 
     966       76500 :     typcache = range_get_typcache(fcinfo, RangeTypeGetOid(r1));
     967             : 
     968       76500 :     PG_RETURN_BOOL(range_overright_internal(typcache, r1, r2));
     969             : }
     970             : 
     971             : 
     972             : /* range, range -> range functions */
     973             : 
     974             : /* set difference */
     975             : Datum
     976          30 : range_minus(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
     977             : {
     978          30 :     RangeType  *r1 = PG_GETARG_RANGE_P(0);
     979          30 :     RangeType  *r2 = PG_GETARG_RANGE_P(1);
     980             :     RangeType  *ret;
     981             :     TypeCacheEntry *typcache;
     982             : 
     983             :     /* Different types should be prevented by ANYRANGE matching rules */
     984          30 :     if (RangeTypeGetOid(r1) != RangeTypeGetOid(r2))
     985           0 :         elog(ERROR, "range types do not match");
     986             : 
     987          30 :     typcache = range_get_typcache(fcinfo, RangeTypeGetOid(r1));
     988             : 
     989          30 :     ret = range_minus_internal(typcache, r1, r2);
     990          30 :     if (ret)
     991          30 :         PG_RETURN_RANGE_P(ret);
     992             :     else
     993           0 :         PG_RETURN_NULL();
     994             : }
     995             : 
     996             : RangeType *
     997         162 : range_minus_internal(TypeCacheEntry *typcache, RangeType *r1, RangeType *r2)
     998             : {
     999             :     RangeBound  lower1,
    1000             :                 lower2;
    1001             :     RangeBound  upper1,
    1002             :                 upper2;
    1003             :     bool        empty1,
    1004             :                 empty2;
    1005             :     int         cmp_l1l2,
    1006             :                 cmp_l1u2,
    1007             :                 cmp_u1l2,
    1008             :                 cmp_u1u2;
    1009             : 
    1010         162 :     range_deserialize(typcache, r1, &lower1, &upper1, &empty1);
    1011         162 :     range_deserialize(typcache, r2, &lower2, &upper2, &empty2);
    1012             : 
    1013             :     /* if either is empty, r1 is the correct answer */
    1014         162 :     if (empty1 || empty2)
    1015           0 :         return r1;
    1016             : 
    1017         162 :     cmp_l1l2 = range_cmp_bounds(typcache, &lower1, &lower2);
    1018         162 :     cmp_l1u2 = range_cmp_bounds(typcache, &lower1, &upper2);
    1019         162 :     cmp_u1l2 = range_cmp_bounds(typcache, &upper1, &lower2);
    1020         162 :     cmp_u1u2 = range_cmp_bounds(typcache, &upper1, &upper2);
    1021             : 
    1022         162 :     if (cmp_l1l2 < 0 && cmp_u1u2 > 0)
    1023           0 :         ereport(ERROR,
    1024             :                 (errcode(ERRCODE_DATA_EXCEPTION),
    1025             :                  errmsg("result of range difference would not be contiguous")));
    1026             : 
    1027         162 :     if (cmp_l1u2 > 0 || cmp_u1l2 < 0)
    1028          12 :         return r1;
    1029             : 
    1030         150 :     if (cmp_l1l2 >= 0 && cmp_u1u2 <= 0)
    1031          78 :         return make_empty_range(typcache);
    1032             : 
    1033          72 :     if (cmp_l1l2 <= 0 && cmp_u1l2 >= 0 && cmp_u1u2 <= 0)
    1034             :     {
    1035          36 :         lower2.inclusive = !lower2.inclusive;
    1036          36 :         lower2.lower = false;   /* it will become the upper bound */
    1037          36 :         return make_range(typcache, &lower1, &lower2, false, NULL);
    1038             :     }
    1039             : 
    1040          36 :     if (cmp_l1l2 >= 0 && cmp_u1u2 >= 0 && cmp_l1u2 <= 0)
    1041             :     {
    1042          36 :         upper2.inclusive = !upper2.inclusive;
    1043          36 :         upper2.lower = true;    /* it will become the lower bound */
    1044          36 :         return make_range(typcache, &upper2, &upper1, false, NULL);
    1045             :     }
    1046             : 
    1047           0 :     elog(ERROR, "unexpected case in range_minus");
    1048             :     return NULL;
    1049             : }
    1050             : 
    1051             : /*
    1052             :  * Set union.  If strict is true, it is an error that the two input ranges
    1053             :  * are not adjacent or overlapping.
    1054             :  */
    1055             : RangeType *
    1056        1574 : range_union_internal(TypeCacheEntry *typcache, RangeType *r1, RangeType *r2,
    1057             :                      bool strict)
    1058             : {
    1059             :     RangeBound  lower1,
    1060             :                 lower2;
    1061             :     RangeBound  upper1,
    1062             :                 upper2;
    1063             :     bool        empty1,
    1064             :                 empty2;
    1065             :     RangeBound *result_lower;
    1066             :     RangeBound *result_upper;
    1067             : 
    1068             :     /* Different types should be prevented by ANYRANGE matching rules */
    1069        1574 :     if (RangeTypeGetOid(r1) != RangeTypeGetOid(r2))
    1070           0 :         elog(ERROR, "range types do not match");
    1071             : 
    1072        1574 :     range_deserialize(typcache, r1, &lower1, &upper1, &empty1);
    1073        1574 :     range_deserialize(typcache, r2, &lower2, &upper2, &empty2);
    1074             : 
    1075             :     /* if either is empty, the other is the correct answer */
    1076        1574 :     if (empty1)
    1077           6 :         return r2;
    1078        1568 :     if (empty2)
    1079           0 :         return r1;
    1080             : 
    1081        1568 :     if (strict &&
    1082         138 :         !range_overlaps_internal(typcache, r1, r2) &&
    1083          12 :         !range_adjacent_internal(typcache, r1, r2))
    1084           6 :         ereport(ERROR,
    1085             :                 (errcode(ERRCODE_DATA_EXCEPTION),
    1086             :                  errmsg("result of range union would not be contiguous")));
    1087             : 
    1088        1562 :     if (range_cmp_bounds(typcache, &lower1, &lower2) < 0)
    1089        1526 :         result_lower = &lower1;
    1090             :     else
    1091          36 :         result_lower = &lower2;
    1092             : 
    1093        1562 :     if (range_cmp_bounds(typcache, &upper1, &upper2) > 0)
    1094          48 :         result_upper = &upper1;
    1095             :     else
    1096        1514 :         result_upper = &upper2;
    1097             : 
    1098        1562 :     return make_range(typcache, result_lower, result_upper, false, NULL);
    1099             : }
    1100             : 
    1101             : Datum
    1102          18 : range_union(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
    1103             : {
    1104          18 :     RangeType  *r1 = PG_GETARG_RANGE_P(0);
    1105          18 :     RangeType  *r2 = PG_GETARG_RANGE_P(1);
    1106             :     TypeCacheEntry *typcache;
    1107             : 
    1108          18 :     typcache = range_get_typcache(fcinfo, RangeTypeGetOid(r1));
    1109             : 
    1110          18 :     PG_RETURN_RANGE_P(range_union_internal(typcache, r1, r2, true));
    1111             : }
    1112             : 
    1113             : /*
    1114             :  * range merge: like set union, except also allow and account for non-adjacent
    1115             :  * input ranges.
    1116             :  */
    1117             : Datum
    1118          30 : range_merge(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
    1119             : {
    1120          30 :     RangeType  *r1 = PG_GETARG_RANGE_P(0);
    1121          30 :     RangeType  *r2 = PG_GETARG_RANGE_P(1);
    1122             :     TypeCacheEntry *typcache;
    1123             : 
    1124          30 :     typcache = range_get_typcache(fcinfo, RangeTypeGetOid(r1));
    1125             : 
    1126          30 :     PG_RETURN_RANGE_P(range_union_internal(typcache, r1, r2, false));
    1127             : }
    1128             : 
    1129             : /* set intersection */
    1130             : Datum
    1131         142 : range_intersect(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
    1132             : {
    1133         142 :     RangeType  *r1 = PG_GETARG_RANGE_P(0);
    1134         142 :     RangeType  *r2 = PG_GETARG_RANGE_P(1);
    1135             :     TypeCacheEntry *typcache;
    1136             : 
    1137             :     /* Different types should be prevented by ANYRANGE matching rules */
    1138         142 :     if (RangeTypeGetOid(r1) != RangeTypeGetOid(r2))
    1139           0 :         elog(ERROR, "range types do not match");
    1140             : 
    1141         142 :     typcache = range_get_typcache(fcinfo, RangeTypeGetOid(r1));
    1142             : 
    1143         142 :     PG_RETURN_RANGE_P(range_intersect_internal(typcache, r1, r2));
    1144             : }
    1145             : 
    1146             : RangeType *
    1147         442 : range_intersect_internal(TypeCacheEntry *typcache, const RangeType *r1, const RangeType *r2)
    1148             : {
    1149             :     RangeBound  lower1,
    1150             :                 lower2;
    1151             :     RangeBound  upper1,
    1152             :                 upper2;
    1153             :     bool        empty1,
    1154             :                 empty2;
    1155             :     RangeBound *result_lower;
    1156             :     RangeBound *result_upper;
    1157             : 
    1158         442 :     range_deserialize(typcache, r1, &lower1, &upper1, &empty1);
    1159         442 :     range_deserialize(typcache, r2, &lower2, &upper2, &empty2);
    1160             : 
    1161         442 :     if (empty1 || empty2 || !range_overlaps_internal(typcache, r1, r2))
    1162          30 :         return make_empty_range(typcache);
    1163             : 
    1164         412 :     if (range_cmp_bounds(typcache, &lower1, &lower2) >= 0)
    1165         302 :         result_lower = &lower1;
    1166             :     else
    1167         110 :         result_lower = &lower2;
    1168             : 
    1169         412 :     if (range_cmp_bounds(typcache, &upper1, &upper2) <= 0)
    1170         314 :         result_upper = &upper1;
    1171             :     else
    1172          98 :         result_upper = &upper2;
    1173             : 
    1174         412 :     return make_range(typcache, result_lower, result_upper, false, NULL);
    1175             : }
    1176             : 
    1177             : /* range, range -> range, range functions */
    1178             : 
    1179             : /*
    1180             :  * range_split_internal - if r2 intersects the middle of r1, leaving non-empty
    1181             :  * ranges on both sides, then return true and set output1 and output2 to the
    1182             :  * results of r1 - r2 (in order). Otherwise return false and don't set output1
    1183             :  * or output2. Neither input range should be empty.
    1184             :  */
    1185             : bool
    1186         264 : range_split_internal(TypeCacheEntry *typcache, const RangeType *r1, const RangeType *r2,
    1187             :                      RangeType **output1, RangeType **output2)
    1188             : {
    1189             :     RangeBound  lower1,
    1190             :                 lower2;
    1191             :     RangeBound  upper1,
    1192             :                 upper2;
    1193             :     bool        empty1,
    1194             :                 empty2;
    1195             : 
    1196         264 :     range_deserialize(typcache, r1, &lower1, &upper1, &empty1);
    1197         264 :     range_deserialize(typcache, r2, &lower2, &upper2, &empty2);
    1198             : 
    1199         420 :     if (range_cmp_bounds(typcache, &lower1, &lower2) < 0 &&
    1200         156 :         range_cmp_bounds(typcache, &upper1, &upper2) > 0)
    1201             :     {
    1202             :         /*
    1203             :          * Need to invert inclusive/exclusive for the lower2 and upper2
    1204             :          * points. They can't be infinite though. We're allowed to overwrite
    1205             :          * these RangeBounds since they only exist locally.
    1206             :          */
    1207          36 :         lower2.inclusive = !lower2.inclusive;
    1208          36 :         lower2.lower = false;
    1209          36 :         upper2.inclusive = !upper2.inclusive;
    1210          36 :         upper2.lower = true;
    1211             : 
    1212          36 :         *output1 = make_range(typcache, &lower1, &lower2, false, NULL);
    1213          36 :         *output2 = make_range(typcache, &upper2, &upper1, false, NULL);
    1214          36 :         return true;
    1215             :     }
    1216             : 
    1217         228 :     return false;
    1218             : }
    1219             : 
    1220             : /*
    1221             :  * range_minus_multi - like range_minus but as a SRF to accommodate splits,
    1222             :  * with no result rows if the result would be empty.
    1223             :  */
    1224             : Datum
    1225         108 : range_minus_multi(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
    1226             : {
    1227             :     struct range_minus_multi_fctx
    1228             :     {
    1229             :         RangeType  *rs[2];
    1230             :         int         n;
    1231             :     };
    1232             : 
    1233             :     FuncCallContext *funcctx;
    1234             :     struct range_minus_multi_fctx *fctx;
    1235             :     MemoryContext oldcontext;
    1236             : 
    1237             :     /* stuff done only on the first call of the function */
    1238         108 :     if (SRF_IS_FIRSTCALL())
    1239             :     {
    1240             :         RangeType  *r1;
    1241             :         RangeType  *r2;
    1242             :         Oid         rngtypid;
    1243             :         TypeCacheEntry *typcache;
    1244             : 
    1245             :         /* create a function context for cross-call persistence */
    1246          54 :         funcctx = SRF_FIRSTCALL_INIT();
    1247             : 
    1248             :         /*
    1249             :          * switch to memory context appropriate for multiple function calls
    1250             :          */
    1251          54 :         oldcontext = MemoryContextSwitchTo(funcctx->multi_call_memory_ctx);
    1252             : 
    1253          54 :         r1 = PG_GETARG_RANGE_P(0);
    1254          54 :         r2 = PG_GETARG_RANGE_P(1);
    1255             : 
    1256             :         /* Different types should be prevented by ANYRANGE matching rules */
    1257          54 :         if (RangeTypeGetOid(r1) != RangeTypeGetOid(r2))
    1258           0 :             elog(ERROR, "range types do not match");
    1259             : 
    1260             :         /* allocate memory for user context */
    1261          54 :         fctx = (struct range_minus_multi_fctx *) palloc(sizeof(struct range_minus_multi_fctx));
    1262             : 
    1263             :         /*
    1264             :          * Initialize state. We can't store the range typcache in fn_extra
    1265             :          * because the caller uses that for the SRF state.
    1266             :          */
    1267          54 :         rngtypid = RangeTypeGetOid(r1);
    1268          54 :         typcache = lookup_type_cache(rngtypid, TYPECACHE_RANGE_INFO);
    1269          54 :         if (typcache->rngelemtype == NULL)
    1270           0 :             elog(ERROR, "type %u is not a range type", rngtypid);
    1271          54 :         range_minus_multi_internal(typcache, r1, r2, fctx->rs, &fctx->n);
    1272             : 
    1273          54 :         funcctx->user_fctx = fctx;
    1274          54 :         MemoryContextSwitchTo(oldcontext);
    1275             :     }
    1276             : 
    1277             :     /* stuff done on every call of the function */
    1278         108 :     funcctx = SRF_PERCALL_SETUP();
    1279         108 :     fctx = funcctx->user_fctx;
    1280             : 
    1281         108 :     if (funcctx->call_cntr < fctx->n)
    1282             :     {
    1283             :         /*
    1284             :          * We must keep these on separate lines because SRF_RETURN_NEXT does
    1285             :          * call_cntr++:
    1286             :          */
    1287          54 :         RangeType  *ret = fctx->rs[funcctx->call_cntr];
    1288             : 
    1289          54 :         SRF_RETURN_NEXT(funcctx, RangeTypePGetDatum(ret));
    1290             :     }
    1291             :     else
    1292             :         /* do when there is no more left */
    1293          54 :         SRF_RETURN_DONE(funcctx);
    1294             : }
    1295             : 
    1296             : /*
    1297             :  * range_minus_multi_internal - Subtracts r2 from r1
    1298             :  *
    1299             :  * The subtraction can produce zero, one, or two resulting ranges. We return
    1300             :  * the results by setting outputs and outputn to the ranges remaining and their
    1301             :  * count (respectively). The results will never contain empty ranges and will
    1302             :  * be ordered. Caller should set outputs to a two-element array of RangeType
    1303             :  * pointers.
    1304             :  */
    1305             : void
    1306          54 : range_minus_multi_internal(TypeCacheEntry *typcache, RangeType *r1,
    1307             :                            RangeType *r2, RangeType **outputs, int *outputn)
    1308             : {
    1309             :     int         cmp_l1l2,
    1310             :                 cmp_l1u2,
    1311             :                 cmp_u1l2,
    1312             :                 cmp_u1u2;
    1313             :     RangeBound  lower1,
    1314             :                 lower2;
    1315             :     RangeBound  upper1,
    1316             :                 upper2;
    1317             :     bool        empty1,
    1318             :                 empty2;
    1319             : 
    1320          54 :     range_deserialize(typcache, r1, &lower1, &upper1, &empty1);
    1321          54 :     range_deserialize(typcache, r2, &lower2, &upper2, &empty2);
    1322             : 
    1323          54 :     if (empty1)
    1324             :     {
    1325             :         /* if r1 is empty then r1 - r2 is empty, so return zero results */
    1326           6 :         *outputn = 0;
    1327          12 :         return;
    1328             :     }
    1329          48 :     else if (empty2)
    1330             :     {
    1331             :         /* r2 is empty so the result is just r1 (which we know is not empty) */
    1332           6 :         outputs[0] = r1;
    1333           6 :         *outputn = 1;
    1334           6 :         return;
    1335             :     }
    1336             : 
    1337             :     /*
    1338             :      * Use the same logic as range_minus_internal, but support the split case
    1339             :      */
    1340          42 :     cmp_l1l2 = range_cmp_bounds(typcache, &lower1, &lower2);
    1341          42 :     cmp_l1u2 = range_cmp_bounds(typcache, &lower1, &upper2);
    1342          42 :     cmp_u1l2 = range_cmp_bounds(typcache, &upper1, &lower2);
    1343          42 :     cmp_u1u2 = range_cmp_bounds(typcache, &upper1, &upper2);
    1344             : 
    1345          42 :     if (cmp_l1l2 < 0 && cmp_u1u2 > 0)
    1346             :     {
    1347          12 :         lower2.inclusive = !lower2.inclusive;
    1348          12 :         lower2.lower = false;   /* it will become the upper bound */
    1349          12 :         outputs[0] = make_range(typcache, &lower1, &lower2, false, NULL);
    1350             : 
    1351          12 :         upper2.inclusive = !upper2.inclusive;
    1352          12 :         upper2.lower = true;    /* it will become the lower bound */
    1353          12 :         outputs[1] = make_range(typcache, &upper2, &upper1, false, NULL);
    1354             : 
    1355          12 :         *outputn = 2;
    1356             :     }
    1357          30 :     else if (cmp_l1u2 > 0 || cmp_u1l2 < 0)
    1358             :     {
    1359          12 :         outputs[0] = r1;
    1360          12 :         *outputn = 1;
    1361             :     }
    1362          18 :     else if (cmp_l1l2 >= 0 && cmp_u1u2 <= 0)
    1363             :     {
    1364           6 :         *outputn = 0;
    1365             :     }
    1366          12 :     else if (cmp_l1l2 <= 0 && cmp_u1l2 >= 0 && cmp_u1u2 <= 0)
    1367             :     {
    1368          12 :         lower2.inclusive = !lower2.inclusive;
    1369          12 :         lower2.lower = false;   /* it will become the upper bound */
    1370          12 :         outputs[0] = make_range(typcache, &lower1, &lower2, false, NULL);
    1371          12 :         *outputn = 1;
    1372             :     }
    1373           0 :     else if (cmp_l1l2 >= 0 && cmp_u1u2 >= 0 && cmp_l1u2 <= 0)
    1374             :     {
    1375           0 :         upper2.inclusive = !upper2.inclusive;
    1376           0 :         upper2.lower = true;    /* it will become the lower bound */
    1377           0 :         outputs[0] = make_range(typcache, &upper2, &upper1, false, NULL);
    1378           0 :         *outputn = 1;
    1379             :     }
    1380             :     else
    1381             :     {
    1382           0 :         elog(ERROR, "unexpected case in range_minus_multi");
    1383             :     }
    1384             : }
    1385             : 
    1386             : /* range -> range aggregate functions */
    1387             : 
    1388             : Datum
    1389          42 : range_intersect_agg_transfn(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
    1390             : {
    1391             :     MemoryContext aggContext;
    1392             :     Oid         rngtypoid;
    1393             :     TypeCacheEntry *typcache;
    1394             :     RangeType  *result;
    1395             :     RangeType  *current;
    1396             : 
    1397          42 :     if (!AggCheckCallContext(fcinfo, &aggContext))
    1398           0 :         elog(ERROR, "range_intersect_agg_transfn called in non-aggregate context");
    1399             : 
    1400          42 :     rngtypoid = get_fn_expr_argtype(fcinfo->flinfo, 1);
    1401          42 :     if (!type_is_range(rngtypoid))
    1402           0 :         elog(ERROR, "range_intersect_agg must be called with a range");
    1403             : 
    1404          42 :     typcache = range_get_typcache(fcinfo, rngtypoid);
    1405             : 
    1406             :     /* strictness ensures these are non-null */
    1407          42 :     result = PG_GETARG_RANGE_P(0);
    1408          42 :     current = PG_GETARG_RANGE_P(1);
    1409             : 
    1410          42 :     result = range_intersect_internal(typcache, result, current);
    1411          42 :     PG_RETURN_RANGE_P(result);
    1412             : }
    1413             : 
    1414             : 
    1415             : /* Btree support */
    1416             : 
    1417             : /* btree comparator */
    1418             : Datum
    1419       18708 : range_cmp(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
    1420             : {
    1421       18708 :     RangeType  *r1 = PG_GETARG_RANGE_P(0);
    1422       18708 :     RangeType  *r2 = PG_GETARG_RANGE_P(1);
    1423             :     TypeCacheEntry *typcache;
    1424             :     RangeBound  lower1,
    1425             :                 lower2;
    1426             :     RangeBound  upper1,
    1427             :                 upper2;
    1428             :     bool        empty1,
    1429             :                 empty2;
    1430             :     int         cmp;
    1431             : 
    1432       18708 :     check_stack_depth();        /* recurses when subtype is a range type */
    1433             : 
    1434             :     /* Different types should be prevented by ANYRANGE matching rules */
    1435       18708 :     if (RangeTypeGetOid(r1) != RangeTypeGetOid(r2))
    1436           0 :         elog(ERROR, "range types do not match");
    1437             : 
    1438       18708 :     typcache = range_get_typcache(fcinfo, RangeTypeGetOid(r1));
    1439             : 
    1440       18708 :     range_deserialize(typcache, r1, &lower1, &upper1, &empty1);
    1441       18708 :     range_deserialize(typcache, r2, &lower2, &upper2, &empty2);
    1442             : 
    1443             :     /* For b-tree use, empty ranges sort before all else */
    1444       18708 :     if (empty1 && empty2)
    1445        2634 :         cmp = 0;
    1446       16074 :     else if (empty1)
    1447        3474 :         cmp = -1;
    1448       12600 :     else if (empty2)
    1449        2040 :         cmp = 1;
    1450             :     else
    1451             :     {
    1452       10560 :         cmp = range_cmp_bounds(typcache, &lower1, &lower2);
    1453       10560 :         if (cmp == 0)
    1454         540 :             cmp = range_cmp_bounds(typcache, &upper1, &upper2);
    1455             :     }
    1456             : 
    1457       18708 :     PG_FREE_IF_COPY(r1, 0);
    1458       18708 :     PG_FREE_IF_COPY(r2, 1);
    1459             : 
    1460       18708 :     PG_RETURN_INT32(cmp);
    1461             : }
    1462             : 
    1463             : /* Sort support strategy routine */
    1464             : Datum
    1465        1756 : range_sortsupport(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
    1466             : {
    1467        1756 :     SortSupport ssup = (SortSupport) PG_GETARG_POINTER(0);
    1468             : 
    1469        1756 :     ssup->comparator = range_fast_cmp;
    1470        1756 :     ssup->ssup_extra = NULL;
    1471             : 
    1472        1756 :     PG_RETURN_VOID();
    1473             : }
    1474             : 
    1475             : /* like range_cmp, but uses the new sortsupport interface */
    1476             : static int
    1477      540712 : range_fast_cmp(Datum a, Datum b, SortSupport ssup)
    1478             : {
    1479      540712 :     RangeType  *range_a = DatumGetRangeTypeP(a);
    1480      540712 :     RangeType  *range_b = DatumGetRangeTypeP(b);
    1481             :     TypeCacheEntry *typcache;
    1482             :     RangeBound  lower1,
    1483             :                 lower2;
    1484             :     RangeBound  upper1,
    1485             :                 upper2;
    1486             :     bool        empty1,
    1487             :                 empty2;
    1488             :     int         cmp;
    1489             : 
    1490             :     /* cache the range info between calls */
    1491      540712 :     if (ssup->ssup_extra == NULL)
    1492             :     {
    1493             :         Assert(RangeTypeGetOid(range_a) == RangeTypeGetOid(range_b));
    1494         382 :         ssup->ssup_extra =
    1495         382 :             lookup_type_cache(RangeTypeGetOid(range_a), TYPECACHE_RANGE_INFO);
    1496             :     }
    1497      540712 :     typcache = ssup->ssup_extra;
    1498             : 
    1499      540712 :     range_deserialize(typcache, range_a, &lower1, &upper1, &empty1);
    1500      540712 :     range_deserialize(typcache, range_b, &lower2, &upper2, &empty2);
    1501             : 
    1502             :     /* For b-tree use, empty ranges sort before all else */
    1503      540712 :     if (empty1 && empty2)
    1504       76080 :         cmp = 0;
    1505      464632 :     else if (empty1)
    1506       18324 :         cmp = -1;
    1507      446308 :     else if (empty2)
    1508        1464 :         cmp = 1;
    1509             :     else
    1510             :     {
    1511      444844 :         cmp = range_cmp_bounds(typcache, &lower1, &lower2);
    1512      444844 :         if (cmp == 0)
    1513       32310 :             cmp = range_cmp_bounds(typcache, &upper1, &upper2);
    1514             :     }
    1515             : 
    1516      540712 :     if ((Pointer) range_a != DatumGetPointer(a))
    1517      540712 :         pfree(range_a);
    1518      540712 :     if ((Pointer) range_b != DatumGetPointer(b))
    1519      540712 :         pfree(range_b);
    1520             : 
    1521      540712 :     return cmp;
    1522             : }
    1523             : 
    1524             : 
    1525             : /* inequality operators using the range_cmp function */
    1526             : Datum
    1527        1338 : range_lt(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
    1528             : {
    1529        1338 :     int         cmp = DatumGetInt32(range_cmp(fcinfo));
    1530             : 
    1531        1338 :     PG_RETURN_BOOL(cmp < 0);
    1532             : }
    1533             : 
    1534             : Datum
    1535        3012 : range_le(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
    1536             : {
    1537        3012 :     int         cmp = DatumGetInt32(range_cmp(fcinfo));
    1538             : 
    1539        3012 :     PG_RETURN_BOOL(cmp <= 0);
    1540             : }
    1541             : 
    1542             : Datum
    1543        3036 : range_ge(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
    1544             : {
    1545        3036 :     int         cmp = DatumGetInt32(range_cmp(fcinfo));
    1546             : 
    1547        3036 :     PG_RETURN_BOOL(cmp >= 0);
    1548             : }
    1549             : 
    1550             : Datum
    1551        3072 : range_gt(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
    1552             : {
    1553        3072 :     int         cmp = DatumGetInt32(range_cmp(fcinfo));
    1554             : 
    1555        3072 :     PG_RETURN_BOOL(cmp > 0);
    1556             : }
    1557             : 
    1558             : /* Hash support */
    1559             : 
    1560             : /* hash a range value */
    1561             : Datum
    1562         210 : hash_range(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
    1563             : {
    1564         210 :     RangeType  *r = PG_GETARG_RANGE_P(0);
    1565             :     uint32      result;
    1566             :     TypeCacheEntry *typcache;
    1567             :     TypeCacheEntry *scache;
    1568             :     RangeBound  lower;
    1569             :     RangeBound  upper;
    1570             :     bool        empty;
    1571             :     char        flags;
    1572             :     uint32      lower_hash;
    1573             :     uint32      upper_hash;
    1574             : 
    1575         210 :     check_stack_depth();        /* recurses when subtype is a range type */
    1576             : 
    1577         210 :     typcache = range_get_typcache(fcinfo, RangeTypeGetOid(r));
    1578             : 
    1579             :     /* deserialize */
    1580         210 :     range_deserialize(typcache, r, &lower, &upper, &empty);
    1581         210 :     flags = range_get_flags(r);
    1582             : 
    1583             :     /*
    1584             :      * Look up the element type's hash function, if not done already.
    1585             :      */
    1586         210 :     scache = typcache->rngelemtype;
    1587         210 :     if (!OidIsValid(scache->hash_proc_finfo.fn_oid))
    1588             :     {
    1589           6 :         scache = lookup_type_cache(scache->type_id, TYPECACHE_HASH_PROC_FINFO);
    1590           6 :         if (!OidIsValid(scache->hash_proc_finfo.fn_oid))
    1591           0 :             ereport(ERROR,
    1592             :                     (errcode(ERRCODE_UNDEFINED_FUNCTION),
    1593             :                      errmsg("could not identify a hash function for type %s",
    1594             :                             format_type_be(scache->type_id))));
    1595             :     }
    1596             : 
    1597             :     /*
    1598             :      * Apply the hash function to each bound.
    1599             :      */
    1600         210 :     if (RANGE_HAS_LBOUND(flags))
    1601         144 :         lower_hash = DatumGetUInt32(FunctionCall1Coll(&scache->hash_proc_finfo,
    1602             :                                                       typcache->rng_collation,
    1603             :                                                       lower.val));
    1604             :     else
    1605          66 :         lower_hash = 0;
    1606             : 
    1607         210 :     if (RANGE_HAS_UBOUND(flags))
    1608         156 :         upper_hash = DatumGetUInt32(FunctionCall1Coll(&scache->hash_proc_finfo,
    1609             :                                                       typcache->rng_collation,
    1610             :                                                       upper.val));
    1611             :     else
    1612          54 :         upper_hash = 0;
    1613             : 
    1614             :     /* Merge hashes of flags and bounds */
    1615         210 :     result = hash_bytes_uint32((uint32) flags);
    1616         210 :     result ^= lower_hash;
    1617         210 :     result = pg_rotate_left32(result, 1);
    1618         210 :     result ^= upper_hash;
    1619             : 
    1620         210 :     PG_RETURN_INT32(result);
    1621             : }
    1622             : 
    1623             : /*
    1624             :  * Returns 64-bit value by hashing a value to a 64-bit value, with a seed.
    1625             :  * Otherwise, similar to hash_range.
    1626             :  */
    1627             : Datum
    1628          60 : hash_range_extended(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
    1629             : {
    1630          60 :     RangeType  *r = PG_GETARG_RANGE_P(0);
    1631          60 :     Datum       seed = PG_GETARG_DATUM(1);
    1632             :     uint64      result;
    1633             :     TypeCacheEntry *typcache;
    1634             :     TypeCacheEntry *scache;
    1635             :     RangeBound  lower;
    1636             :     RangeBound  upper;
    1637             :     bool        empty;
    1638             :     char        flags;
    1639             :     uint64      lower_hash;
    1640             :     uint64      upper_hash;
    1641             : 
    1642          60 :     check_stack_depth();
    1643             : 
    1644          60 :     typcache = range_get_typcache(fcinfo, RangeTypeGetOid(r));
    1645             : 
    1646          60 :     range_deserialize(typcache, r, &lower, &upper, &empty);
    1647          60 :     flags = range_get_flags(r);
    1648             : 
    1649          60 :     scache = typcache->rngelemtype;
    1650          60 :     if (!OidIsValid(scache->hash_extended_proc_finfo.fn_oid))
    1651             :     {
    1652           0 :         scache = lookup_type_cache(scache->type_id,
    1653             :                                    TYPECACHE_HASH_EXTENDED_PROC_FINFO);
    1654           0 :         if (!OidIsValid(scache->hash_extended_proc_finfo.fn_oid))
    1655           0 :             ereport(ERROR,
    1656             :                     (errcode(ERRCODE_UNDEFINED_FUNCTION),
    1657             :                      errmsg("could not identify a hash function for type %s",
    1658             :                             format_type_be(scache->type_id))));
    1659             :     }
    1660             : 
    1661          60 :     if (RANGE_HAS_LBOUND(flags))
    1662          60 :         lower_hash = DatumGetUInt64(FunctionCall2Coll(&scache->hash_extended_proc_finfo,
    1663             :                                                       typcache->rng_collation,
    1664             :                                                       lower.val,
    1665             :                                                       seed));
    1666             :     else
    1667           0 :         lower_hash = 0;
    1668             : 
    1669          60 :     if (RANGE_HAS_UBOUND(flags))
    1670          60 :         upper_hash = DatumGetUInt64(FunctionCall2Coll(&scache->hash_extended_proc_finfo,
    1671             :                                                       typcache->rng_collation,
    1672             :                                                       upper.val,
    1673             :                                                       seed));
    1674             :     else
    1675           0 :         upper_hash = 0;
    1676             : 
    1677             :     /* Merge hashes of flags and bounds */
    1678          60 :     result = DatumGetUInt64(hash_uint32_extended((uint32) flags,
    1679          60 :                                                  DatumGetInt64(seed)));
    1680          60 :     result ^= lower_hash;
    1681          60 :     result = ROTATE_HIGH_AND_LOW_32BITS(result);
    1682          60 :     result ^= upper_hash;
    1683             : 
    1684          60 :     PG_RETURN_UINT64(result);
    1685             : }
    1686             : 
    1687             : /*
    1688             :  *----------------------------------------------------------
    1689             :  * CANONICAL FUNCTIONS
    1690             :  *
    1691             :  *   Functions for specific built-in range types.
    1692             :  *----------------------------------------------------------
    1693             :  */
    1694             : 
    1695             : Datum
    1696      443936 : int4range_canonical(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
    1697             : {
    1698      443936 :     RangeType  *r = PG_GETARG_RANGE_P(0);
    1699      443936 :     Node       *escontext = fcinfo->context;
    1700             :     TypeCacheEntry *typcache;
    1701             :     RangeBound  lower;
    1702             :     RangeBound  upper;
    1703             :     bool        empty;
    1704             : 
    1705      443936 :     typcache = range_get_typcache(fcinfo, RangeTypeGetOid(r));
    1706             : 
    1707      443936 :     range_deserialize(typcache, r, &lower, &upper, &empty);
    1708             : 
    1709      443936 :     if (empty)
    1710           0 :         PG_RETURN_RANGE_P(r);
    1711             : 
    1712      443936 :     if (!lower.infinite && !lower.inclusive)
    1713             :     {
    1714        3248 :         int32       bnd = DatumGetInt32(lower.val);
    1715             : 
    1716             :         /* Handle possible overflow manually */
    1717        3248 :         if (unlikely(bnd == PG_INT32_MAX))
    1718           0 :             ereturn(escontext, (Datum) 0,
    1719             :                     (errcode(ERRCODE_NUMERIC_VALUE_OUT_OF_RANGE),
    1720             :                      errmsg("integer out of range")));
    1721        3248 :         lower.val = Int32GetDatum(bnd + 1);
    1722        3248 :         lower.inclusive = true;
    1723             :     }
    1724             : 
    1725      443936 :     if (!upper.infinite && upper.inclusive)
    1726             :     {
    1727        3242 :         int32       bnd = DatumGetInt32(upper.val);
    1728             : 
    1729             :         /* Handle possible overflow manually */
    1730        3242 :         if (unlikely(bnd == PG_INT32_MAX))
    1731          12 :             ereturn(escontext, (Datum) 0,
    1732             :                     (errcode(ERRCODE_NUMERIC_VALUE_OUT_OF_RANGE),
    1733             :                      errmsg("integer out of range")));
    1734        3230 :         upper.val = Int32GetDatum(bnd + 1);
    1735        3230 :         upper.inclusive = false;
    1736             :     }
    1737             : 
    1738      443924 :     PG_RETURN_RANGE_P(range_serialize(typcache, &lower, &upper,
    1739             :                                       false, escontext));
    1740             : }
    1741             : 
    1742             : Datum
    1743          98 : int8range_canonical(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
    1744             : {
    1745          98 :     RangeType  *r = PG_GETARG_RANGE_P(0);
    1746          98 :     Node       *escontext = fcinfo->context;
    1747             :     TypeCacheEntry *typcache;
    1748             :     RangeBound  lower;
    1749             :     RangeBound  upper;
    1750             :     bool        empty;
    1751             : 
    1752          98 :     typcache = range_get_typcache(fcinfo, RangeTypeGetOid(r));
    1753             : 
    1754          98 :     range_deserialize(typcache, r, &lower, &upper, &empty);
    1755             : 
    1756          98 :     if (empty)
    1757           0 :         PG_RETURN_RANGE_P(r);
    1758             : 
    1759          98 :     if (!lower.infinite && !lower.inclusive)
    1760             :     {
    1761          18 :         int64       bnd = DatumGetInt64(lower.val);
    1762             : 
    1763             :         /* Handle possible overflow manually */
    1764          18 :         if (unlikely(bnd == PG_INT64_MAX))
    1765           0 :             ereturn(escontext, (Datum) 0,
    1766             :                     (errcode(ERRCODE_NUMERIC_VALUE_OUT_OF_RANGE),
    1767             :                      errmsg("bigint out of range")));
    1768          18 :         lower.val = Int64GetDatum(bnd + 1);
    1769          18 :         lower.inclusive = true;
    1770             :     }
    1771             : 
    1772          98 :     if (!upper.infinite && upper.inclusive)
    1773             :     {
    1774          24 :         int64       bnd = DatumGetInt64(upper.val);
    1775             : 
    1776             :         /* Handle possible overflow manually */
    1777          24 :         if (unlikely(bnd == PG_INT64_MAX))
    1778           0 :             ereturn(escontext, (Datum) 0,
    1779             :                     (errcode(ERRCODE_NUMERIC_VALUE_OUT_OF_RANGE),
    1780             :                      errmsg("bigint out of range")));
    1781          24 :         upper.val = Int64GetDatum(bnd + 1);
    1782          24 :         upper.inclusive = false;
    1783             :     }
    1784             : 
    1785          98 :     PG_RETURN_RANGE_P(range_serialize(typcache, &lower, &upper,
    1786             :                                       false, escontext));
    1787             : }
    1788             : 
    1789             : Datum
    1790        3642 : daterange_canonical(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
    1791             : {
    1792        3642 :     RangeType  *r = PG_GETARG_RANGE_P(0);
    1793        3642 :     Node       *escontext = fcinfo->context;
    1794             :     TypeCacheEntry *typcache;
    1795             :     RangeBound  lower;
    1796             :     RangeBound  upper;
    1797             :     bool        empty;
    1798             : 
    1799        3642 :     typcache = range_get_typcache(fcinfo, RangeTypeGetOid(r));
    1800             : 
    1801        3642 :     range_deserialize(typcache, r, &lower, &upper, &empty);
    1802             : 
    1803        3642 :     if (empty)
    1804           0 :         PG_RETURN_RANGE_P(r);
    1805             : 
    1806        3642 :     if (!lower.infinite && !DATE_NOT_FINITE(DatumGetDateADT(lower.val)) &&
    1807        3594 :         !lower.inclusive)
    1808             :     {
    1809          36 :         DateADT     bnd = DatumGetDateADT(lower.val);
    1810             : 
    1811             :         /* Check for overflow -- note we already eliminated PG_INT32_MAX */
    1812          36 :         bnd++;
    1813          36 :         if (unlikely(!IS_VALID_DATE(bnd)))
    1814           0 :             ereturn(escontext, (Datum) 0,
    1815             :                     (errcode(ERRCODE_DATETIME_VALUE_OUT_OF_RANGE),
    1816             :                      errmsg("date out of range")));
    1817          36 :         lower.val = DateADTGetDatum(bnd);
    1818          36 :         lower.inclusive = true;
    1819             :     }
    1820             : 
    1821        3642 :     if (!upper.infinite && !DATE_NOT_FINITE(DatumGetDateADT(upper.val)) &&
    1822        3468 :         upper.inclusive)
    1823             :     {
    1824          36 :         DateADT     bnd = DatumGetDateADT(upper.val);
    1825             : 
    1826             :         /* Check for overflow -- note we already eliminated PG_INT32_MAX */
    1827          36 :         bnd++;
    1828          36 :         if (unlikely(!IS_VALID_DATE(bnd)))
    1829          12 :             ereturn(escontext, (Datum) 0,
    1830             :                     (errcode(ERRCODE_DATETIME_VALUE_OUT_OF_RANGE),
    1831             :                      errmsg("date out of range")));
    1832          24 :         upper.val = DateADTGetDatum(bnd);
    1833          24 :         upper.inclusive = false;
    1834             :     }
    1835             : 
    1836        3630 :     PG_RETURN_RANGE_P(range_serialize(typcache, &lower, &upper,
    1837             :                                       false, escontext));
    1838             : }
    1839             : 
    1840             : /*
    1841             :  *----------------------------------------------------------
    1842             :  * SUBTYPE_DIFF FUNCTIONS
    1843             :  *
    1844             :  * Functions for specific built-in range types.
    1845             :  *
    1846             :  * Note that subtype_diff does return the difference, not the absolute value
    1847             :  * of the difference, and it must take care to avoid overflow.
    1848             :  * (numrange_subdiff is at some risk there ...)
    1849             :  *----------------------------------------------------------
    1850             :  */
    1851             : 
    1852             : Datum
    1853      821754 : int4range_subdiff(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
    1854             : {
    1855      821754 :     int32       v1 = PG_GETARG_INT32(0);
    1856      821754 :     int32       v2 = PG_GETARG_INT32(1);
    1857             : 
    1858      821754 :     PG_RETURN_FLOAT8((float8) v1 - (float8) v2);
    1859             : }
    1860             : 
    1861             : Datum
    1862           0 : int8range_subdiff(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
    1863             : {
    1864           0 :     int64       v1 = PG_GETARG_INT64(0);
    1865           0 :     int64       v2 = PG_GETARG_INT64(1);
    1866             : 
    1867           0 :     PG_RETURN_FLOAT8((float8) v1 - (float8) v2);
    1868             : }
    1869             : 
    1870             : Datum
    1871         246 : numrange_subdiff(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
    1872             : {
    1873         246 :     Datum       v1 = PG_GETARG_DATUM(0);
    1874         246 :     Datum       v2 = PG_GETARG_DATUM(1);
    1875             :     Datum       numresult;
    1876             :     float8      floatresult;
    1877             : 
    1878         246 :     numresult = DirectFunctionCall2(numeric_sub, v1, v2);
    1879             : 
    1880         246 :     floatresult = DatumGetFloat8(DirectFunctionCall1(numeric_float8,
    1881             :                                                      numresult));
    1882             : 
    1883         246 :     PG_RETURN_FLOAT8(floatresult);
    1884             : }
    1885             : 
    1886             : Datum
    1887           0 : daterange_subdiff(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
    1888             : {
    1889           0 :     int32       v1 = PG_GETARG_INT32(0);
    1890           0 :     int32       v2 = PG_GETARG_INT32(1);
    1891             : 
    1892           0 :     PG_RETURN_FLOAT8((float8) v1 - (float8) v2);
    1893             : }
    1894             : 
    1895             : Datum
    1896           0 : tsrange_subdiff(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
    1897             : {
    1898           0 :     Timestamp   v1 = PG_GETARG_TIMESTAMP(0);
    1899           0 :     Timestamp   v2 = PG_GETARG_TIMESTAMP(1);
    1900             :     float8      result;
    1901             : 
    1902           0 :     result = ((float8) v1 - (float8) v2) / USECS_PER_SEC;
    1903           0 :     PG_RETURN_FLOAT8(result);
    1904             : }
    1905             : 
    1906             : Datum
    1907           0 : tstzrange_subdiff(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
    1908             : {
    1909           0 :     Timestamp   v1 = PG_GETARG_TIMESTAMP(0);
    1910           0 :     Timestamp   v2 = PG_GETARG_TIMESTAMP(1);
    1911             :     float8      result;
    1912             : 
    1913           0 :     result = ((float8) v1 - (float8) v2) / USECS_PER_SEC;
    1914           0 :     PG_RETURN_FLOAT8(result);
    1915             : }
    1916             : 
    1917             : /*
    1918             :  *----------------------------------------------------------
    1919             :  * SUPPORT FUNCTIONS
    1920             :  *
    1921             :  *   These functions aren't in pg_proc, but are useful for
    1922             :  *   defining new generic range functions in C.
    1923             :  *----------------------------------------------------------
    1924             :  */
    1925             : 
    1926             : /*
    1927             :  * range_get_typcache: get cached information about a range type
    1928             :  *
    1929             :  * This is for use by range-related functions that follow the convention
    1930             :  * of using the fn_extra field as a pointer to the type cache entry for
    1931             :  * the range type.  Functions that need to cache more information than
    1932             :  * that must fend for themselves.
    1933             :  */
    1934             : TypeCacheEntry *
    1935     4108644 : range_get_typcache(FunctionCallInfo fcinfo, Oid rngtypid)
    1936             : {
    1937     4108644 :     TypeCacheEntry *typcache = (TypeCacheEntry *) fcinfo->flinfo->fn_extra;
    1938             : 
    1939     4108644 :     if (typcache == NULL ||
    1940     4089776 :         typcache->type_id != rngtypid)
    1941             :     {
    1942       18868 :         typcache = lookup_type_cache(rngtypid, TYPECACHE_RANGE_INFO);
    1943       18868 :         if (typcache->rngelemtype == NULL)
    1944           0 :             elog(ERROR, "type %u is not a range type", rngtypid);
    1945       18868 :         fcinfo->flinfo->fn_extra = typcache;
    1946             :     }
    1947             : 
    1948     4108644 :     return typcache;
    1949             : }
    1950             : 
    1951             : /*
    1952             :  * range_serialize: construct a range value from bounds and empty-flag
    1953             :  *
    1954             :  * This does not force canonicalization of the range value.  In most cases,
    1955             :  * external callers should only be canonicalization functions.  Note that
    1956             :  * we perform some datatype-independent canonicalization checks anyway.
    1957             :  */
    1958             : RangeType *
    1959      907636 : range_serialize(TypeCacheEntry *typcache, RangeBound *lower, RangeBound *upper,
    1960             :                 bool empty, struct Node *escontext)
    1961             : {
    1962             :     RangeType  *range;
    1963             :     int         cmp;
    1964             :     Size        msize;
    1965             :     Pointer     ptr;
    1966             :     int16       typlen;
    1967             :     bool        typbyval;
    1968             :     char        typalign;
    1969             :     char        typstorage;
    1970      907636 :     char        flags = 0;
    1971             : 
    1972             :     /*
    1973             :      * Verify range is not invalid on its face, and construct flags value,
    1974             :      * preventing any non-canonical combinations such as infinite+inclusive.
    1975             :      */
    1976             :     Assert(lower->lower);
    1977             :     Assert(!upper->lower);
    1978             : 
    1979      907636 :     if (empty)
    1980        3798 :         flags |= RANGE_EMPTY;
    1981             :     else
    1982             :     {
    1983      903838 :         cmp = range_cmp_bound_values(typcache, lower, upper);
    1984             : 
    1985             :         /* error check: if lower bound value is above upper, it's wrong */
    1986      903838 :         if (cmp > 0)
    1987          66 :             ereturn(escontext, NULL,
    1988             :                     (errcode(ERRCODE_DATA_EXCEPTION),
    1989             :                      errmsg("range lower bound must be less than or equal to range upper bound")));
    1990             : 
    1991             :         /* if bounds are equal, and not both inclusive, range is empty */
    1992      903772 :         if (cmp == 0 && !(lower->inclusive && upper->inclusive))
    1993         384 :             flags |= RANGE_EMPTY;
    1994             :         else
    1995             :         {
    1996             :             /* infinite boundaries are never inclusive */
    1997      903388 :             if (lower->infinite)
    1998       11592 :                 flags |= RANGE_LB_INF;
    1999      891796 :             else if (lower->inclusive)
    2000      888140 :                 flags |= RANGE_LB_INC;
    2001      903388 :             if (upper->infinite)
    2002        7056 :                 flags |= RANGE_UB_INF;
    2003      896332 :             else if (upper->inclusive)
    2004        4180 :                 flags |= RANGE_UB_INC;
    2005             :         }
    2006             :     }
    2007             : 
    2008             :     /* Fetch information about range's element type */
    2009      907570 :     typlen = typcache->rngelemtype->typlen;
    2010      907570 :     typbyval = typcache->rngelemtype->typbyval;
    2011      907570 :     typalign = typcache->rngelemtype->typalign;
    2012      907570 :     typstorage = typcache->rngelemtype->typstorage;
    2013             : 
    2014             :     /* Count space for varlena header and range type's OID */
    2015      907570 :     msize = sizeof(RangeType);
    2016             :     Assert(msize == MAXALIGN(msize));
    2017             : 
    2018             :     /* Count space for bounds */
    2019      907570 :     if (RANGE_HAS_LBOUND(flags))
    2020             :     {
    2021             :         /*
    2022             :          * Make sure item to be inserted is not toasted.  It is essential that
    2023             :          * we not insert an out-of-line toast value pointer into a range
    2024             :          * object, for the same reasons that arrays and records can't contain
    2025             :          * them.  It would work to store a compressed-in-line value, but we
    2026             :          * prefer to decompress and then let compression be applied to the
    2027             :          * whole range object if necessary.  But, unlike arrays, we do allow
    2028             :          * short-header varlena objects to stay as-is.
    2029             :          */
    2030      891796 :         if (typlen == -1)
    2031        5234 :             lower->val = PointerGetDatum(PG_DETOAST_DATUM_PACKED(lower->val));
    2032             : 
    2033      891796 :         msize = datum_compute_size(msize, lower->val, typbyval, typalign,
    2034             :                                    typlen, typstorage);
    2035             :     }
    2036             : 
    2037      907570 :     if (RANGE_HAS_UBOUND(flags))
    2038             :     {
    2039             :         /* Make sure item to be inserted is not toasted */
    2040      896332 :         if (typlen == -1)
    2041        5192 :             upper->val = PointerGetDatum(PG_DETOAST_DATUM_PACKED(upper->val));
    2042             : 
    2043      896332 :         msize = datum_compute_size(msize, upper->val, typbyval, typalign,
    2044             :                                    typlen, typstorage);
    2045             :     }
    2046             : 
    2047             :     /* Add space for flag byte */
    2048      907570 :     msize += sizeof(char);
    2049             : 
    2050             :     /* Note: zero-fill is required here, just as in heap tuples */
    2051      907570 :     range = (RangeType *) palloc0(msize);
    2052      907570 :     SET_VARSIZE(range, msize);
    2053             : 
    2054             :     /* Now fill in the datum */
    2055      907570 :     range->rangetypid = typcache->type_id;
    2056             : 
    2057      907570 :     ptr = (char *) (range + 1);
    2058             : 
    2059      907570 :     if (RANGE_HAS_LBOUND(flags))
    2060             :     {
    2061             :         Assert(lower->lower);
    2062      891796 :         ptr = datum_write(ptr, lower->val, typbyval, typalign, typlen,
    2063             :                           typstorage);
    2064             :     }
    2065             : 
    2066      907570 :     if (RANGE_HAS_UBOUND(flags))
    2067             :     {
    2068             :         Assert(!upper->lower);
    2069      896332 :         ptr = datum_write(ptr, upper->val, typbyval, typalign, typlen,
    2070             :                           typstorage);
    2071             :     }
    2072             : 
    2073      907570 :     *((char *) ptr) = flags;
    2074             : 
    2075      907570 :     return range;
    2076             : }
    2077             : 
    2078             : /*
    2079             :  * range_deserialize: deconstruct a range value
    2080             :  *
    2081             :  * NB: the given range object must be fully detoasted; it cannot have a
    2082             :  * short varlena header.
    2083             :  *
    2084             :  * Note that if the element type is pass-by-reference, the datums in the
    2085             :  * RangeBound structs will be pointers into the given range object.
    2086             :  */
    2087             : void
    2088     9703116 : range_deserialize(TypeCacheEntry *typcache, const RangeType *range,
    2089             :                   RangeBound *lower, RangeBound *upper, bool *empty)
    2090             : {
    2091             :     char        flags;
    2092             :     int16       typlen;
    2093             :     bool        typbyval;
    2094             :     char        typalign;
    2095             :     Pointer     ptr;
    2096             :     Datum       lbound;
    2097             :     Datum       ubound;
    2098             : 
    2099             :     /* assert caller passed the right typcache entry */
    2100             :     Assert(RangeTypeGetOid(range) == typcache->type_id);
    2101             : 
    2102             :     /* fetch the flag byte from datum's last byte */
    2103     9703116 :     flags = *((const char *) range + VARSIZE(range) - 1);
    2104             : 
    2105             :     /* fetch information about range's element type */
    2106     9703116 :     typlen = typcache->rngelemtype->typlen;
    2107     9703116 :     typbyval = typcache->rngelemtype->typbyval;
    2108     9703116 :     typalign = typcache->rngelemtype->typalign;
    2109             : 
    2110             :     /* initialize data pointer just after the range OID */
    2111     9703116 :     ptr = (Pointer) (range + 1);
    2112             : 
    2113             :     /* fetch lower bound, if any */
    2114     9703116 :     if (RANGE_HAS_LBOUND(flags))
    2115             :     {
    2116             :         /* att_align_pointer cannot be necessary here */
    2117     8556102 :         lbound = fetch_att(ptr, typbyval, typlen);
    2118     8556102 :         ptr = (Pointer) att_addlength_pointer(ptr, typlen, ptr);
    2119             :     }
    2120             :     else
    2121     1147014 :         lbound = (Datum) 0;
    2122             : 
    2123             :     /* fetch upper bound, if any */
    2124     9703116 :     if (RANGE_HAS_UBOUND(flags))
    2125             :     {
    2126     8581510 :         ptr = (Pointer) att_align_pointer(ptr, typalign, typlen, ptr);
    2127     8581510 :         ubound = fetch_att(ptr, typbyval, typlen);
    2128             :         /* no need for att_addlength_pointer */
    2129             :     }
    2130             :     else
    2131     1121606 :         ubound = (Datum) 0;
    2132             : 
    2133             :     /* emit results */
    2134             : 
    2135     9703116 :     *empty = (flags & RANGE_EMPTY) != 0;
    2136             : 
    2137     9703116 :     lower->val = lbound;
    2138     9703116 :     lower->infinite = (flags & RANGE_LB_INF) != 0;
    2139     9703116 :     lower->inclusive = (flags & RANGE_LB_INC) != 0;
    2140     9703116 :     lower->lower = true;
    2141             : 
    2142     9703116 :     upper->val = ubound;
    2143     9703116 :     upper->infinite = (flags & RANGE_UB_INF) != 0;
    2144     9703116 :     upper->inclusive = (flags & RANGE_UB_INC) != 0;
    2145     9703116 :     upper->lower = false;
    2146     9703116 : }
    2147             : 
    2148             : /*
    2149             :  * range_get_flags: just get the flags from a RangeType value.
    2150             :  *
    2151             :  * This is frequently useful in places that only need the flags and not
    2152             :  * the full results of range_deserialize.
    2153             :  */
    2154             : char
    2155     2941304 : range_get_flags(const RangeType *range)
    2156             : {
    2157             :     /* fetch the flag byte from datum's last byte */
    2158     2941304 :     return *((char *) range + VARSIZE(range) - 1);
    2159             : }
    2160             : 
    2161             : /*
    2162             :  * range_set_contain_empty: set the RANGE_CONTAIN_EMPTY bit in the value.
    2163             :  *
    2164             :  * This is only needed in GiST operations, so we don't include a provision
    2165             :  * for setting it in range_serialize; rather, this function must be applied
    2166             :  * afterwards.
    2167             :  */
    2168             : void
    2169         618 : range_set_contain_empty(RangeType *range)
    2170             : {
    2171             :     char       *flagsp;
    2172             : 
    2173             :     /* flag byte is datum's last byte */
    2174         618 :     flagsp = (char *) range + VARSIZE(range) - 1;
    2175             : 
    2176         618 :     *flagsp |= RANGE_CONTAIN_EMPTY;
    2177         618 : }
    2178             : 
    2179             : /*
    2180             :  * This both serializes and canonicalizes (if applicable) the range.
    2181             :  * This should be used by most callers.
    2182             :  */
    2183             : RangeType *
    2184      457620 : make_range(TypeCacheEntry *typcache, RangeBound *lower, RangeBound *upper,
    2185             :            bool empty, struct Node *escontext)
    2186             : {
    2187             :     RangeType  *range;
    2188             : 
    2189      457620 :     range = range_serialize(typcache, lower, upper, empty, escontext);
    2190             : 
    2191      457566 :     if (SOFT_ERROR_OCCURRED(escontext))
    2192          12 :         return NULL;
    2193             : 
    2194             :     /* no need to call canonical on empty ranges ... */
    2195      457554 :     if (OidIsValid(typcache->rng_canonical_finfo.fn_oid) &&
    2196      451396 :         !RangeIsEmpty(range))
    2197             :     {
    2198             :         /* Do this the hard way so that we can pass escontext */
    2199      447676 :         LOCAL_FCINFO(fcinfo, 1);
    2200             :         Datum       result;
    2201             : 
    2202      447676 :         InitFunctionCallInfoData(*fcinfo, &typcache->rng_canonical_finfo, 1,
    2203             :                                  InvalidOid, escontext, NULL);
    2204             : 
    2205      447676 :         fcinfo->args[0].value = RangeTypePGetDatum(range);
    2206      447676 :         fcinfo->args[0].isnull = false;
    2207             : 
    2208      447676 :         result = FunctionCallInvoke(fcinfo);
    2209             : 
    2210      447676 :         if (SOFT_ERROR_OCCURRED(escontext))
    2211          24 :             return NULL;
    2212             : 
    2213             :         /* Should not get a null result if there was no error */
    2214      447652 :         if (fcinfo->isnull)
    2215           0 :             elog(ERROR, "function %u returned NULL",
    2216             :                  typcache->rng_canonical_finfo.fn_oid);
    2217             : 
    2218      447652 :         range = DatumGetRangeTypeP(result);
    2219             :     }
    2220             : 
    2221      457530 :     return range;
    2222             : }
    2223             : 
    2224             : /*
    2225             :  * Compare two range boundary points, returning <0, 0, or >0 according to
    2226             :  * whether b1 is less than, equal to, or greater than b2.
    2227             :  *
    2228             :  * The boundaries can be any combination of upper and lower; so it's useful
    2229             :  * for a variety of operators.
    2230             :  *
    2231             :  * The simple case is when b1 and b2 are both finite and inclusive, in which
    2232             :  * case the result is just a comparison of the values held in b1 and b2.
    2233             :  *
    2234             :  * If a bound is exclusive, then we need to know whether it's a lower bound,
    2235             :  * in which case we treat the boundary point as "just greater than" the held
    2236             :  * value; or an upper bound, in which case we treat the boundary point as
    2237             :  * "just less than" the held value.
    2238             :  *
    2239             :  * If a bound is infinite, it represents minus infinity (less than every other
    2240             :  * point) if it's a lower bound; or plus infinity (greater than every other
    2241             :  * point) if it's an upper bound.
    2242             :  *
    2243             :  * There is only one case where two boundaries compare equal but are not
    2244             :  * identical: when both bounds are inclusive and hold the same finite value,
    2245             :  * but one is an upper bound and the other a lower bound.
    2246             :  */
    2247             : int
    2248    11422194 : range_cmp_bounds(TypeCacheEntry *typcache, const RangeBound *b1, const RangeBound *b2)
    2249             : {
    2250             :     int32       result;
    2251             : 
    2252             :     /*
    2253             :      * First, handle cases involving infinity, which don't require invoking
    2254             :      * the comparison proc.
    2255             :      */
    2256    11422194 :     if (b1->infinite && b2->infinite)
    2257             :     {
    2258             :         /*
    2259             :          * Both are infinity, so they are equal unless one is lower and the
    2260             :          * other not.
    2261             :          */
    2262       19234 :         if (b1->lower == b2->lower)
    2263       19144 :             return 0;
    2264             :         else
    2265          90 :             return b1->lower ? -1 : 1;
    2266             :     }
    2267    11402960 :     else if (b1->infinite)
    2268       91016 :         return b1->lower ? -1 : 1;
    2269    11311944 :     else if (b2->infinite)
    2270       31168 :         return b2->lower ? 1 : -1;
    2271             : 
    2272             :     /*
    2273             :      * Both boundaries are finite, so compare the held values.
    2274             :      */
    2275    11280776 :     result = DatumGetInt32(FunctionCall2Coll(&typcache->rng_cmp_proc_finfo,
    2276             :                                              typcache->rng_collation,
    2277    11280776 :                                              b1->val, b2->val));
    2278             : 
    2279             :     /*
    2280             :      * If the comparison is anything other than equal, we're done. If they
    2281             :      * compare equal though, we still have to consider whether the boundaries
    2282             :      * are inclusive or exclusive.
    2283             :      */
    2284    11280776 :     if (result == 0)
    2285             :     {
    2286      814744 :         if (!b1->inclusive && !b2->inclusive)
    2287             :         {
    2288             :             /* both are exclusive */
    2289      363456 :             if (b1->lower == b2->lower)
    2290      363450 :                 return 0;
    2291             :             else
    2292           6 :                 return b1->lower ? 1 : -1;
    2293             :         }
    2294      451288 :         else if (!b1->inclusive)
    2295         792 :             return b1->lower ? 1 : -1;
    2296      450496 :         else if (!b2->inclusive)
    2297        1242 :             return b2->lower ? -1 : 1;
    2298             :         else
    2299             :         {
    2300             :             /*
    2301             :              * Both are inclusive and the values held are equal, so they are
    2302             :              * equal regardless of whether they are upper or lower boundaries,
    2303             :              * or a mix.
    2304             :              */
    2305      449254 :             return 0;
    2306             :         }
    2307             :     }
    2308             : 
    2309    10466032 :     return result;
    2310             : }
    2311             : 
    2312             : /*
    2313             :  * Compare two range boundary point values, returning <0, 0, or >0 according
    2314             :  * to whether b1 is less than, equal to, or greater than b2.
    2315             :  *
    2316             :  * This is similar to but simpler than range_cmp_bounds().  We just compare
    2317             :  * the values held in b1 and b2, ignoring inclusive/exclusive flags.  The
    2318             :  * lower/upper flags only matter for infinities, where they tell us if the
    2319             :  * infinity is plus or minus.
    2320             :  */
    2321             : int
    2322     1373080 : range_cmp_bound_values(TypeCacheEntry *typcache, const RangeBound *b1,
    2323             :                        const RangeBound *b2)
    2324             : {
    2325             :     /*
    2326             :      * First, handle cases involving infinity, which don't require invoking
    2327             :      * the comparison proc.
    2328             :      */
    2329     1373080 :     if (b1->infinite && b2->infinite)
    2330             :     {
    2331             :         /*
    2332             :          * Both are infinity, so they are equal unless one is lower and the
    2333             :          * other not.
    2334             :          */
    2335         322 :         if (b1->lower == b2->lower)
    2336           0 :             return 0;
    2337             :         else
    2338         322 :             return b1->lower ? -1 : 1;
    2339             :     }
    2340     1372758 :     else if (b1->infinite)
    2341       17924 :         return b1->lower ? -1 : 1;
    2342     1354834 :     else if (b2->infinite)
    2343       14102 :         return b2->lower ? 1 : -1;
    2344             : 
    2345             :     /*
    2346             :      * Both boundaries are finite, so compare the held values.
    2347             :      */
    2348     1340732 :     return DatumGetInt32(FunctionCall2Coll(&typcache->rng_cmp_proc_finfo,
    2349             :                                            typcache->rng_collation,
    2350     1340732 :                                            b1->val, b2->val));
    2351             : }
    2352             : 
    2353             : /*
    2354             :  * qsort callback for sorting ranges.
    2355             :  *
    2356             :  * Two empty ranges compare equal; an empty range sorts to the left of any
    2357             :  * non-empty range.  Two non-empty ranges are sorted by lower bound first
    2358             :  * and by upper bound next.
    2359             :  */
    2360             : int
    2361       27038 : range_compare(const void *key1, const void *key2, void *arg)
    2362             : {
    2363       27038 :     RangeType  *r1 = *(RangeType **) key1;
    2364       27038 :     RangeType  *r2 = *(RangeType **) key2;
    2365       27038 :     TypeCacheEntry *typcache = (TypeCacheEntry *) arg;
    2366             :     RangeBound  lower1;
    2367             :     RangeBound  upper1;
    2368             :     RangeBound  lower2;
    2369             :     RangeBound  upper2;
    2370             :     bool        empty1;
    2371             :     bool        empty2;
    2372             :     int         cmp;
    2373             : 
    2374       27038 :     range_deserialize(typcache, r1, &lower1, &upper1, &empty1);
    2375       27038 :     range_deserialize(typcache, r2, &lower2, &upper2, &empty2);
    2376             : 
    2377       27038 :     if (empty1 && empty2)
    2378          54 :         cmp = 0;
    2379       26984 :     else if (empty1)
    2380          42 :         cmp = -1;
    2381       26942 :     else if (empty2)
    2382          24 :         cmp = 1;
    2383             :     else
    2384             :     {
    2385       26918 :         cmp = range_cmp_bounds(typcache, &lower1, &lower2);
    2386       26918 :         if (cmp == 0)
    2387          48 :             cmp = range_cmp_bounds(typcache, &upper1, &upper2);
    2388             :     }
    2389             : 
    2390       27038 :     return cmp;
    2391             : }
    2392             : 
    2393             : /*
    2394             :  * Build an empty range value of the type indicated by the typcache entry.
    2395             :  */
    2396             : RangeType *
    2397        3198 : make_empty_range(TypeCacheEntry *typcache)
    2398             : {
    2399             :     RangeBound  lower;
    2400             :     RangeBound  upper;
    2401             : 
    2402        3198 :     lower.val = (Datum) 0;
    2403        3198 :     lower.infinite = false;
    2404        3198 :     lower.inclusive = false;
    2405        3198 :     lower.lower = true;
    2406             : 
    2407        3198 :     upper.val = (Datum) 0;
    2408        3198 :     upper.infinite = false;
    2409        3198 :     upper.inclusive = false;
    2410        3198 :     upper.lower = false;
    2411             : 
    2412        3198 :     return make_range(typcache, &lower, &upper, true, NULL);
    2413             : }
    2414             : 
    2415             : /*
    2416             :  * Planner support function for elem_contained_by_range (<@ operator).
    2417             :  */
    2418             : Datum
    2419         126 : elem_contained_by_range_support(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
    2420             : {
    2421         126 :     Node       *rawreq = (Node *) PG_GETARG_POINTER(0);
    2422         126 :     Node       *ret = NULL;
    2423             : 
    2424         126 :     if (IsA(rawreq, SupportRequestSimplify))
    2425             :     {
    2426          96 :         SupportRequestSimplify *req = (SupportRequestSimplify *) rawreq;
    2427          96 :         FuncExpr   *fexpr = req->fcall;
    2428             :         Expr       *leftop,
    2429             :                    *rightop;
    2430             : 
    2431             :         Assert(list_length(fexpr->args) == 2);
    2432          96 :         leftop = linitial(fexpr->args);
    2433          96 :         rightop = lsecond(fexpr->args);
    2434             : 
    2435          96 :         ret = find_simplified_clause(req->root, rightop, leftop);
    2436             :     }
    2437             : 
    2438         126 :     PG_RETURN_POINTER(ret);
    2439             : }
    2440             : 
    2441             : /*
    2442             :  * Planner support function for range_contains_elem (@> operator).
    2443             :  */
    2444             : Datum
    2445         306 : range_contains_elem_support(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
    2446             : {
    2447         306 :     Node       *rawreq = (Node *) PG_GETARG_POINTER(0);
    2448         306 :     Node       *ret = NULL;
    2449             : 
    2450         306 :     if (IsA(rawreq, SupportRequestSimplify))
    2451             :     {
    2452         156 :         SupportRequestSimplify *req = (SupportRequestSimplify *) rawreq;
    2453         156 :         FuncExpr   *fexpr = req->fcall;
    2454             :         Expr       *leftop,
    2455             :                    *rightop;
    2456             : 
    2457             :         Assert(list_length(fexpr->args) == 2);
    2458         156 :         leftop = linitial(fexpr->args);
    2459         156 :         rightop = lsecond(fexpr->args);
    2460             : 
    2461         156 :         ret = find_simplified_clause(req->root, leftop, rightop);
    2462             :     }
    2463             : 
    2464         306 :     PG_RETURN_POINTER(ret);
    2465             : }
    2466             : 
    2467             : 
    2468             : /*
    2469             :  *----------------------------------------------------------
    2470             :  * STATIC FUNCTIONS
    2471             :  *----------------------------------------------------------
    2472             :  */
    2473             : 
    2474             : /*
    2475             :  * Given a string representing the flags for the range type, return the flags
    2476             :  * represented as a char.
    2477             :  */
    2478             : static char
    2479        5208 : range_parse_flags(const char *flags_str)
    2480             : {
    2481        5208 :     char        flags = 0;
    2482             : 
    2483        5208 :     if (flags_str[0] == '\0' ||
    2484        5208 :         flags_str[1] == '\0' ||
    2485        5208 :         flags_str[2] != '\0')
    2486           0 :         ereport(ERROR,
    2487             :                 (errcode(ERRCODE_SYNTAX_ERROR),
    2488             :                  errmsg("invalid range bound flags"),
    2489             :                  errhint("Valid values are \"[]\", \"[)\", \"(]\", and \"()\".")));
    2490             : 
    2491        5208 :     switch (flags_str[0])
    2492             :     {
    2493         264 :         case '[':
    2494         264 :             flags |= RANGE_LB_INC;
    2495         264 :             break;
    2496        4944 :         case '(':
    2497        4944 :             break;
    2498           0 :         default:
    2499           0 :             ereport(ERROR,
    2500             :                     (errcode(ERRCODE_SYNTAX_ERROR),
    2501             :                      errmsg("invalid range bound flags"),
    2502             :                      errhint("Valid values are \"[]\", \"[)\", \"(]\", and \"()\".")));
    2503             :     }
    2504             : 
    2505        5208 :     switch (flags_str[1])
    2506             :     {
    2507        5094 :         case ']':
    2508        5094 :             flags |= RANGE_UB_INC;
    2509        5094 :             break;
    2510         114 :         case ')':
    2511         114 :             break;
    2512           0 :         default:
    2513           0 :             ereport(ERROR,
    2514             :                     (errcode(ERRCODE_SYNTAX_ERROR),
    2515             :                      errmsg("invalid range bound flags"),
    2516             :                      errhint("Valid values are \"[]\", \"[)\", \"(]\", and \"()\".")));
    2517             :     }
    2518             : 
    2519        5208 :     return flags;
    2520             : }
    2521             : 
    2522             : /*
    2523             :  * Parse range input.
    2524             :  *
    2525             :  * Input parameters:
    2526             :  *  string: input string to be parsed
    2527             :  * Output parameters:
    2528             :  *  *flags: receives flags bitmask
    2529             :  *  *lbound_str: receives palloc'd lower bound string, or NULL if none
    2530             :  *  *ubound_str: receives palloc'd upper bound string, or NULL if none
    2531             :  *
    2532             :  * This is modeled somewhat after record_in in rowtypes.c.
    2533             :  * The input syntax is:
    2534             :  *  <range>   := EMPTY
    2535             :  *             | <lb-inc> <string>, <string> <ub-inc>
    2536             :  *  <lb-inc>  := '[' | '('
    2537             :  *  <ub-inc>  := ']' | ')'
    2538             :  *
    2539             :  * Whitespace before or after <range> is ignored.  Whitespace within a <string>
    2540             :  * is taken literally and becomes part of the input string for that bound.
    2541             :  *
    2542             :  * A <string> of length zero is taken as "infinite" (i.e. no bound), unless it
    2543             :  * is surrounded by double-quotes, in which case it is the literal empty
    2544             :  * string.
    2545             :  *
    2546             :  * Within a <string>, special characters (such as comma, parenthesis, or
    2547             :  * brackets) can be enclosed in double-quotes or escaped with backslash. Within
    2548             :  * double-quotes, a double-quote can be escaped with double-quote or backslash.
    2549             :  *
    2550             :  * Returns true on success, false on failure (but failures will return only if
    2551             :  * escontext is an ErrorSaveContext).
    2552             :  */
    2553             : static bool
    2554        7126 : range_parse(const char *string, char *flags, char **lbound_str,
    2555             :             char **ubound_str, Node *escontext)
    2556             : {
    2557        7126 :     const char *ptr = string;
    2558             :     bool        infinite;
    2559             : 
    2560        7126 :     *flags = 0;
    2561             : 
    2562             :     /* consume whitespace */
    2563        7150 :     while (*ptr != '\0' && isspace((unsigned char) *ptr))
    2564          24 :         ptr++;
    2565             : 
    2566             :     /* check for empty range */
    2567        7126 :     if (pg_strncasecmp(ptr, RANGE_EMPTY_LITERAL,
    2568             :                        strlen(RANGE_EMPTY_LITERAL)) == 0)
    2569             :     {
    2570         600 :         *flags = RANGE_EMPTY;
    2571         600 :         *lbound_str = NULL;
    2572         600 :         *ubound_str = NULL;
    2573             : 
    2574         600 :         ptr += strlen(RANGE_EMPTY_LITERAL);
    2575             : 
    2576             :         /* the rest should be whitespace */
    2577         612 :         while (*ptr != '\0' && isspace((unsigned char) *ptr))
    2578          12 :             ptr++;
    2579             : 
    2580             :         /* should have consumed everything */
    2581         600 :         if (*ptr != '\0')
    2582           0 :             ereturn(escontext, false,
    2583             :                     (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_TEXT_REPRESENTATION),
    2584             :                      errmsg("malformed range literal: \"%s\"",
    2585             :                             string),
    2586             :                      errdetail("Junk after \"empty\" key word.")));
    2587             : 
    2588         600 :         return true;
    2589             :     }
    2590             : 
    2591        6526 :     if (*ptr == '[')
    2592             :     {
    2593        5826 :         *flags |= RANGE_LB_INC;
    2594        5826 :         ptr++;
    2595             :     }
    2596         700 :     else if (*ptr == '(')
    2597         676 :         ptr++;
    2598             :     else
    2599          24 :         ereturn(escontext, false,
    2600             :                 (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_TEXT_REPRESENTATION),
    2601             :                  errmsg("malformed range literal: \"%s\"",
    2602             :                         string),
    2603             :                  errdetail("Missing left parenthesis or bracket.")));
    2604             : 
    2605        6502 :     ptr = range_parse_bound(string, ptr, lbound_str, &infinite, escontext);
    2606        6496 :     if (ptr == NULL)
    2607           0 :         return false;
    2608        6496 :     if (infinite)
    2609         176 :         *flags |= RANGE_LB_INF;
    2610             : 
    2611        6496 :     if (*ptr == ',')
    2612        6472 :         ptr++;
    2613             :     else
    2614          24 :         ereturn(escontext, false,
    2615             :                 (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_TEXT_REPRESENTATION),
    2616             :                  errmsg("malformed range literal: \"%s\"",
    2617             :                         string),
    2618             :                  errdetail("Missing comma after lower bound.")));
    2619             : 
    2620        6472 :     ptr = range_parse_bound(string, ptr, ubound_str, &infinite, escontext);
    2621        6472 :     if (ptr == NULL)
    2622          12 :         return false;
    2623        6460 :     if (infinite)
    2624         260 :         *flags |= RANGE_UB_INF;
    2625             : 
    2626        6460 :     if (*ptr == ']')
    2627             :     {
    2628         652 :         *flags |= RANGE_UB_INC;
    2629         652 :         ptr++;
    2630             :     }
    2631        5808 :     else if (*ptr == ')')
    2632        5796 :         ptr++;
    2633             :     else                        /* must be a comma */
    2634          12 :         ereturn(escontext, false,
    2635             :                 (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_TEXT_REPRESENTATION),
    2636             :                  errmsg("malformed range literal: \"%s\"",
    2637             :                         string),
    2638             :                  errdetail("Too many commas.")));
    2639             : 
    2640             :     /* consume whitespace */
    2641        6478 :     while (*ptr != '\0' && isspace((unsigned char) *ptr))
    2642          30 :         ptr++;
    2643             : 
    2644        6448 :     if (*ptr != '\0')
    2645          18 :         ereturn(escontext, false,
    2646             :                 (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_TEXT_REPRESENTATION),
    2647             :                  errmsg("malformed range literal: \"%s\"",
    2648             :                         string),
    2649             :                  errdetail("Junk after right parenthesis or bracket.")));
    2650             : 
    2651        6430 :     return true;
    2652             : }
    2653             : 
    2654             : /*
    2655             :  * Helper for range_parse: parse and de-quote one bound string.
    2656             :  *
    2657             :  * We scan until finding comma, right parenthesis, or right bracket.
    2658             :  *
    2659             :  * Input parameters:
    2660             :  *  string: entire input string (used only for error reports)
    2661             :  *  ptr: where to start parsing bound
    2662             :  * Output parameters:
    2663             :  *  *bound_str: receives palloc'd bound string, or NULL if none
    2664             :  *  *infinite: set true if no bound, else false
    2665             :  *
    2666             :  * The return value is the scan ptr, advanced past the bound string.
    2667             :  * However, if escontext is an ErrorSaveContext, we return NULL on failure.
    2668             :  */
    2669             : static const char *
    2670       12974 : range_parse_bound(const char *string, const char *ptr,
    2671             :                   char **bound_str, bool *infinite, Node *escontext)
    2672             : {
    2673             :     StringInfoData buf;
    2674             : 
    2675             :     /* Check for null: completely empty input means null */
    2676       12974 :     if (*ptr == ',' || *ptr == ')' || *ptr == ']')
    2677             :     {
    2678         436 :         *bound_str = NULL;
    2679         436 :         *infinite = true;
    2680             :     }
    2681             :     else
    2682             :     {
    2683             :         /* Extract string for this bound */
    2684       12538 :         bool        inquote = false;
    2685             : 
    2686       12538 :         initStringInfo(&buf);
    2687       41138 :         while (inquote || !(*ptr == ',' || *ptr == ')' || *ptr == ']'))
    2688             :         {
    2689       28618 :             char        ch = *ptr++;
    2690             : 
    2691       28618 :             if (ch == '\0')
    2692          18 :                 ereturn(escontext, NULL,
    2693             :                         (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_TEXT_REPRESENTATION),
    2694             :                          errmsg("malformed range literal: \"%s\"",
    2695             :                                 string),
    2696             :                          errdetail("Unexpected end of input.")));
    2697       28600 :             if (ch == '\\')
    2698             :             {
    2699          42 :                 if (*ptr == '\0')
    2700           0 :                     ereturn(escontext, NULL,
    2701             :                             (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_TEXT_REPRESENTATION),
    2702             :                              errmsg("malformed range literal: \"%s\"",
    2703             :                                     string),
    2704             :                              errdetail("Unexpected end of input.")));
    2705          42 :                 appendStringInfoChar(&buf, *ptr++);
    2706             :             }
    2707       28558 :             else if (ch == '"')
    2708             :             {
    2709         400 :                 if (!inquote)
    2710         200 :                     inquote = true;
    2711         200 :                 else if (*ptr == '"')
    2712             :                 {
    2713             :                     /* doubled quote within quote sequence */
    2714           6 :                     appendStringInfoChar(&buf, *ptr++);
    2715             :                 }
    2716             :                 else
    2717         194 :                     inquote = false;
    2718             :             }
    2719             :             else
    2720       28158 :                 appendStringInfoChar(&buf, ch);
    2721             :         }
    2722             : 
    2723       12520 :         *bound_str = buf.data;
    2724       12520 :         *infinite = false;
    2725             :     }
    2726             : 
    2727       12956 :     return ptr;
    2728             : }
    2729             : 
    2730             : /*
    2731             :  * Convert a deserialized range value to text form
    2732             :  *
    2733             :  * Inputs are the flags byte, and the two bound values already converted to
    2734             :  * text (but not yet quoted).  If no bound value, pass NULL.
    2735             :  *
    2736             :  * Result is a palloc'd string
    2737             :  */
    2738             : static char *
    2739      108246 : range_deparse(char flags, const char *lbound_str, const char *ubound_str)
    2740             : {
    2741             :     StringInfoData buf;
    2742             : 
    2743      108246 :     if (flags & RANGE_EMPTY)
    2744       16904 :         return pstrdup(RANGE_EMPTY_LITERAL);
    2745             : 
    2746       91342 :     initStringInfo(&buf);
    2747             : 
    2748       91342 :     appendStringInfoChar(&buf, (flags & RANGE_LB_INC) ? '[' : '(');
    2749             : 
    2750       91342 :     if (RANGE_HAS_LBOUND(flags))
    2751       88830 :         appendStringInfoString(&buf, range_bound_escape(lbound_str));
    2752             : 
    2753       91342 :     appendStringInfoChar(&buf, ',');
    2754             : 
    2755       91342 :     if (RANGE_HAS_UBOUND(flags))
    2756       88692 :         appendStringInfoString(&buf, range_bound_escape(ubound_str));
    2757             : 
    2758       91342 :     appendStringInfoChar(&buf, (flags & RANGE_UB_INC) ? ']' : ')');
    2759             : 
    2760       91342 :     return buf.data;
    2761             : }
    2762             : 
    2763             : /*
    2764             :  * Helper for range_deparse: quote a bound value as needed
    2765             :  *
    2766             :  * Result is a palloc'd string
    2767             :  */
    2768             : static char *
    2769      177522 : range_bound_escape(const char *value)
    2770             : {
    2771             :     bool        nq;
    2772             :     const char *ptr;
    2773             :     StringInfoData buf;
    2774             : 
    2775      177522 :     initStringInfo(&buf);
    2776             : 
    2777             :     /* Detect whether we need double quotes for this value */
    2778      177522 :     nq = (value[0] == '\0');    /* force quotes for empty string */
    2779      812912 :     for (ptr = value; *ptr; ptr++)
    2780             :     {
    2781      635900 :         char        ch = *ptr;
    2782             : 
    2783      635900 :         if (ch == '"' || ch == '\\' ||
    2784      635762 :             ch == '(' || ch == ')' ||
    2785      635738 :             ch == '[' || ch == ']' ||
    2786      635690 :             ch == ',' ||
    2787      635690 :             isspace((unsigned char) ch))
    2788             :         {
    2789         510 :             nq = true;
    2790         510 :             break;
    2791             :         }
    2792             :     }
    2793             : 
    2794             :     /* And emit the string */
    2795      177522 :     if (nq)
    2796         534 :         appendStringInfoChar(&buf, '"');
    2797      817106 :     for (ptr = value; *ptr; ptr++)
    2798             :     {
    2799      639584 :         char        ch = *ptr;
    2800             : 
    2801      639584 :         if (ch == '"' || ch == '\\')
    2802         120 :             appendStringInfoChar(&buf, ch);
    2803      639584 :         appendStringInfoChar(&buf, ch);
    2804             :     }
    2805      177522 :     if (nq)
    2806         534 :         appendStringInfoChar(&buf, '"');
    2807             : 
    2808      177522 :     return buf.data;
    2809             : }
    2810             : 
    2811             : /*
    2812             :  * Test whether range r1 contains range r2.
    2813             :  *
    2814             :  * Caller has already checked that they are the same range type, and looked up
    2815             :  * the necessary typcache entry.
    2816             :  */
    2817             : bool
    2818      481614 : range_contains_internal(TypeCacheEntry *typcache, const RangeType *r1, const RangeType *r2)
    2819             : {
    2820             :     RangeBound  lower1;
    2821             :     RangeBound  upper1;
    2822             :     bool        empty1;
    2823             :     RangeBound  lower2;
    2824             :     RangeBound  upper2;
    2825             :     bool        empty2;
    2826             : 
    2827             :     /* Different types should be prevented by ANYRANGE matching rules */
    2828      481614 :     if (RangeTypeGetOid(r1) != RangeTypeGetOid(r2))
    2829           0 :         elog(ERROR, "range types do not match");
    2830             : 
    2831      481614 :     range_deserialize(typcache, r1, &lower1, &upper1, &empty1);
    2832      481614 :     range_deserialize(typcache, r2, &lower2, &upper2, &empty2);
    2833             : 
    2834             :     /* If either range is empty, the answer is easy */
    2835      481614 :     if (empty2)
    2836      314712 :         return true;
    2837      166902 :     else if (empty1)
    2838       13566 :         return false;
    2839             : 
    2840             :     /* Else we must have lower1 <= lower2 and upper1 >= upper2 */
    2841      153336 :     if (range_cmp_bounds(typcache, &lower1, &lower2) > 0)
    2842       73522 :         return false;
    2843       79814 :     if (range_cmp_bounds(typcache, &upper1, &upper2) < 0)
    2844       71556 :         return false;
    2845             : 
    2846        8258 :     return true;
    2847             : }
    2848             : 
    2849             : bool
    2850      120960 : range_contained_by_internal(TypeCacheEntry *typcache, const RangeType *r1, const RangeType *r2)
    2851             : {
    2852      120960 :     return range_contains_internal(typcache, r2, r1);
    2853             : }
    2854             : 
    2855             : /*
    2856             :  * Test whether range r contains a specific element value.
    2857             :  */
    2858             : bool
    2859       88380 : range_contains_elem_internal(TypeCacheEntry *typcache, const RangeType *r, Datum val)
    2860             : {
    2861             :     RangeBound  lower;
    2862             :     RangeBound  upper;
    2863             :     bool        empty;
    2864             :     int32       cmp;
    2865             : 
    2866       88380 :     range_deserialize(typcache, r, &lower, &upper, &empty);
    2867             : 
    2868       88380 :     if (empty)
    2869       12864 :         return false;
    2870             : 
    2871       75516 :     if (!lower.infinite)
    2872             :     {
    2873       71262 :         cmp = DatumGetInt32(FunctionCall2Coll(&typcache->rng_cmp_proc_finfo,
    2874             :                                               typcache->rng_collation,
    2875             :                                               lower.val, val));
    2876       71262 :         if (cmp > 0)
    2877       68914 :             return false;
    2878        2348 :         if (cmp == 0 && !lower.inclusive)
    2879           0 :             return false;
    2880             :     }
    2881             : 
    2882        6602 :     if (!upper.infinite)
    2883             :     {
    2884        6526 :         cmp = DatumGetInt32(FunctionCall2Coll(&typcache->rng_cmp_proc_finfo,
    2885             :                                               typcache->rng_collation,
    2886             :                                               upper.val, val));
    2887        6526 :         if (cmp < 0)
    2888         480 :             return false;
    2889        6046 :         if (cmp == 0 && !upper.inclusive)
    2890           0 :             return false;
    2891             :     }
    2892             : 
    2893        6122 :     return true;
    2894             : }
    2895             : 
    2896             : 
    2897             : /*
    2898             :  * datum_compute_size() and datum_write() are used to insert the bound
    2899             :  * values into a range object.  They are modeled after heaptuple.c's
    2900             :  * heap_compute_data_size() and heap_fill_tuple(), but we need not handle
    2901             :  * null values here.  TYPE_IS_PACKABLE must test the same conditions as
    2902             :  * heaptuple.c's ATT_IS_PACKABLE macro.  See the comments there for more
    2903             :  * details.
    2904             :  */
    2905             : 
    2906             : /* Does datatype allow packing into the 1-byte-header varlena format? */
    2907             : #define TYPE_IS_PACKABLE(typlen, typstorage) \
    2908             :     ((typlen) == -1 && (typstorage) != TYPSTORAGE_PLAIN)
    2909             : 
    2910             : /*
    2911             :  * Increment data_length by the space needed by the datum, including any
    2912             :  * preceding alignment padding.
    2913             :  */
    2914             : static Size
    2915     1788128 : datum_compute_size(Size data_length, Datum val, bool typbyval, char typalign,
    2916             :                    int16 typlen, char typstorage)
    2917             : {
    2918     1798554 :     if (TYPE_IS_PACKABLE(typlen, typstorage) &&
    2919       10426 :         VARATT_CAN_MAKE_SHORT(DatumGetPointer(val)))
    2920             :     {
    2921             :         /*
    2922             :          * we're anticipating converting to a short varlena header, so adjust
    2923             :          * length and don't count any alignment
    2924             :          */
    2925        9304 :         data_length += VARATT_CONVERTED_SHORT_SIZE(DatumGetPointer(val));
    2926             :     }
    2927             :     else
    2928             :     {
    2929     1778824 :         data_length = att_align_datum(data_length, typalign, typlen, val);
    2930     1778824 :         data_length = att_addlength_datum(data_length, typlen, val);
    2931             :     }
    2932             : 
    2933     1788128 :     return data_length;
    2934             : }
    2935             : 
    2936             : /*
    2937             :  * Write the given datum beginning at ptr (after advancing to correct
    2938             :  * alignment, if needed).  Return the pointer incremented by space used.
    2939             :  */
    2940             : static Pointer
    2941     1788128 : datum_write(Pointer ptr, Datum datum, bool typbyval, char typalign,
    2942             :             int16 typlen, char typstorage)
    2943             : {
    2944             :     Size        data_length;
    2945             : 
    2946     1788128 :     if (typbyval)
    2947             :     {
    2948             :         /* pass-by-value */
    2949     1777702 :         ptr = (char *) att_align_nominal(ptr, typalign);
    2950     1777702 :         store_att_byval(ptr, datum, typlen);
    2951     1777702 :         data_length = typlen;
    2952             :     }
    2953       10426 :     else if (typlen == -1)
    2954             :     {
    2955             :         /* varlena */
    2956       10426 :         Pointer     val = DatumGetPointer(datum);
    2957             : 
    2958       10426 :         if (VARATT_IS_EXTERNAL(val))
    2959             :         {
    2960             :             /*
    2961             :              * Throw error, because we must never put a toast pointer inside a
    2962             :              * range object.  Caller should have detoasted it.
    2963             :              */
    2964           0 :             elog(ERROR, "cannot store a toast pointer inside a range");
    2965             :             data_length = 0;    /* keep compiler quiet */
    2966             :         }
    2967       10426 :         else if (VARATT_IS_SHORT(val))
    2968             :         {
    2969             :             /* no alignment for short varlenas */
    2970        1086 :             data_length = VARSIZE_SHORT(val);
    2971        1086 :             memcpy(ptr, val, data_length);
    2972             :         }
    2973       18680 :         else if (TYPE_IS_PACKABLE(typlen, typstorage) &&
    2974        9340 :                  VARATT_CAN_MAKE_SHORT(val))
    2975             :         {
    2976             :             /* convert to short varlena -- no alignment */
    2977        9304 :             data_length = VARATT_CONVERTED_SHORT_SIZE(val);
    2978        9304 :             SET_VARSIZE_SHORT(ptr, data_length);
    2979        9304 :             memcpy(ptr + 1, VARDATA(val), data_length - 1);
    2980             :         }
    2981             :         else
    2982             :         {
    2983             :             /* full 4-byte header varlena */
    2984          36 :             ptr = (char *) att_align_nominal(ptr, typalign);
    2985          36 :             data_length = VARSIZE(val);
    2986          36 :             memcpy(ptr, val, data_length);
    2987             :         }
    2988             :     }
    2989           0 :     else if (typlen == -2)
    2990             :     {
    2991             :         /* cstring ... never needs alignment */
    2992             :         Assert(typalign == TYPALIGN_CHAR);
    2993           0 :         data_length = strlen(DatumGetCString(datum)) + 1;
    2994           0 :         memcpy(ptr, DatumGetPointer(datum), data_length);
    2995             :     }
    2996             :     else
    2997             :     {
    2998             :         /* fixed-length pass-by-reference */
    2999           0 :         ptr = (char *) att_align_nominal(ptr, typalign);
    3000             :         Assert(typlen > 0);
    3001           0 :         data_length = typlen;
    3002           0 :         memcpy(ptr, DatumGetPointer(datum), data_length);
    3003             :     }
    3004             : 
    3005     1788128 :     ptr += data_length;
    3006             : 
    3007     1788128 :     return ptr;
    3008             : }
    3009             : 
    3010             : /*
    3011             :  * Common code for the elem_contained_by_range and range_contains_elem
    3012             :  * support functions.  The caller has extracted the function argument
    3013             :  * expressions, and swapped them if necessary to pass the range first.
    3014             :  *
    3015             :  * Returns a simplified replacement expression, or NULL if we can't simplify.
    3016             :  */
    3017             : static Node *
    3018         252 : find_simplified_clause(PlannerInfo *root, Expr *rangeExpr, Expr *elemExpr)
    3019             : {
    3020             :     RangeType  *range;
    3021             :     TypeCacheEntry *rangetypcache;
    3022             :     RangeBound  lower;
    3023             :     RangeBound  upper;
    3024             :     bool        empty;
    3025             : 
    3026             :     /* can't do anything unless the range is a non-null constant */
    3027         252 :     if (!IsA(rangeExpr, Const) || ((Const *) rangeExpr)->constisnull)
    3028         156 :         return NULL;
    3029          96 :     range = DatumGetRangeTypeP(((Const *) rangeExpr)->constvalue);
    3030             : 
    3031          96 :     rangetypcache = lookup_type_cache(RangeTypeGetOid(range),
    3032             :                                       TYPECACHE_RANGE_INFO);
    3033          96 :     if (rangetypcache->rngelemtype == NULL)
    3034           0 :         elog(ERROR, "type %u is not a range type", RangeTypeGetOid(range));
    3035             : 
    3036          96 :     range_deserialize(rangetypcache, range, &lower, &upper, &empty);
    3037             : 
    3038          96 :     if (empty)
    3039             :     {
    3040             :         /* if the range is empty, then there can be no matches */
    3041           6 :         return makeBoolConst(false, false);
    3042             :     }
    3043          90 :     else if (lower.infinite && upper.infinite)
    3044             :     {
    3045             :         /* the range has infinite bounds, so it matches everything */
    3046           6 :         return makeBoolConst(true, false);
    3047             :     }
    3048             :     else
    3049             :     {
    3050             :         /* at least one bound is available, we have something to work with */
    3051          84 :         TypeCacheEntry *elemTypcache = rangetypcache->rngelemtype;
    3052          84 :         Oid         opfamily = rangetypcache->rng_opfamily;
    3053          84 :         Oid         rng_collation = rangetypcache->rng_collation;
    3054          84 :         Expr       *lowerExpr = NULL;
    3055          84 :         Expr       *upperExpr = NULL;
    3056             : 
    3057          84 :         if (!lower.infinite && !upper.infinite)
    3058             :         {
    3059             :             /*
    3060             :              * When both bounds are present, we have a problem: the
    3061             :              * "simplified" clause would need to evaluate the elemExpr twice.
    3062             :              * That's definitely not okay if the elemExpr is volatile, and
    3063             :              * it's also unattractive if the elemExpr is expensive.
    3064             :              */
    3065             :             QualCost    eval_cost;
    3066             : 
    3067          66 :             if (contain_volatile_functions((Node *) elemExpr))
    3068           6 :                 return NULL;
    3069             : 
    3070             :             /*
    3071             :              * We define "expensive" as "contains any subplan or more than 10
    3072             :              * operators".  Note that the subplan search has to be done
    3073             :              * explicitly, since cost_qual_eval() will barf on unplanned
    3074             :              * subselects.
    3075             :              */
    3076          60 :             if (contain_subplans((Node *) elemExpr))
    3077           0 :                 return NULL;
    3078          60 :             cost_qual_eval_node(&eval_cost, (Node *) elemExpr, root);
    3079          60 :             if (eval_cost.startup + eval_cost.per_tuple >
    3080          60 :                 10 * cpu_operator_cost)
    3081           0 :                 return NULL;
    3082             :         }
    3083             : 
    3084             :         /* Okay, try to build boundary comparison expressions */
    3085          78 :         if (!lower.infinite)
    3086             :         {
    3087          72 :             lowerExpr = build_bound_expr(elemExpr,
    3088             :                                          lower.val,
    3089             :                                          true,
    3090          72 :                                          lower.inclusive,
    3091             :                                          elemTypcache,
    3092             :                                          opfamily,
    3093             :                                          rng_collation);
    3094          72 :             if (lowerExpr == NULL)
    3095           0 :                 return NULL;
    3096             :         }
    3097             : 
    3098          78 :         if (!upper.infinite)
    3099             :         {
    3100             :             /* Copy the elemExpr if we need two copies */
    3101          66 :             if (!lower.infinite)
    3102          60 :                 elemExpr = copyObject(elemExpr);
    3103          66 :             upperExpr = build_bound_expr(elemExpr,
    3104             :                                          upper.val,
    3105             :                                          false,
    3106          66 :                                          upper.inclusive,
    3107             :                                          elemTypcache,
    3108             :                                          opfamily,
    3109             :                                          rng_collation);
    3110          66 :             if (upperExpr == NULL)
    3111           0 :                 return NULL;
    3112             :         }
    3113             : 
    3114          78 :         if (lowerExpr != NULL && upperExpr != NULL)
    3115          60 :             return (Node *) make_andclause(list_make2(lowerExpr, upperExpr));
    3116          18 :         else if (lowerExpr != NULL)
    3117          12 :             return (Node *) lowerExpr;
    3118           6 :         else if (upperExpr != NULL)
    3119           6 :             return (Node *) upperExpr;
    3120             :         else
    3121             :         {
    3122             :             Assert(false);
    3123           0 :             return NULL;
    3124             :         }
    3125             :     }
    3126             : }
    3127             : 
    3128             : /*
    3129             :  * Helper function for find_simplified_clause().
    3130             :  *
    3131             :  * Build the expression (elemExpr Operator val), where the operator is
    3132             :  * the appropriate member of the given opfamily depending on
    3133             :  * isLowerBound and isInclusive.  typeCache is the typcache entry for
    3134             :  * the "val" value (presently, this will be the same type as elemExpr).
    3135             :  * rng_collation is the collation to use in the comparison.
    3136             :  *
    3137             :  * Return NULL on failure (if, for some reason, we can't find the operator).
    3138             :  */
    3139             : static Expr *
    3140         138 : build_bound_expr(Expr *elemExpr, Datum val,
    3141             :                  bool isLowerBound, bool isInclusive,
    3142             :                  TypeCacheEntry *typeCache,
    3143             :                  Oid opfamily, Oid rng_collation)
    3144             : {
    3145         138 :     Oid         elemType = typeCache->type_id;
    3146         138 :     int16       elemTypeLen = typeCache->typlen;
    3147         138 :     bool        elemByValue = typeCache->typbyval;
    3148         138 :     Oid         elemCollation = typeCache->typcollation;
    3149             :     int16       strategy;
    3150             :     Oid         oproid;
    3151             :     Expr       *constExpr;
    3152             : 
    3153             :     /* Identify the comparison operator to use */
    3154         138 :     if (isLowerBound)
    3155          72 :         strategy = isInclusive ? BTGreaterEqualStrategyNumber : BTGreaterStrategyNumber;
    3156             :     else
    3157          66 :         strategy = isInclusive ? BTLessEqualStrategyNumber : BTLessStrategyNumber;
    3158             : 
    3159             :     /*
    3160             :      * We could use exprType(elemExpr) here, if it ever becomes possible that
    3161             :      * elemExpr is not the exact same type as the range elements.
    3162             :      */
    3163         138 :     oproid = get_opfamily_member(opfamily, elemType, elemType, strategy);
    3164             : 
    3165             :     /* We don't really expect failure here, but just in case ... */
    3166         138 :     if (!OidIsValid(oproid))
    3167           0 :         return NULL;
    3168             : 
    3169             :     /* OK, convert "val" to a full-fledged Const node, and make the OpExpr */
    3170         138 :     constExpr = (Expr *) makeConst(elemType,
    3171             :                                    -1,
    3172             :                                    elemCollation,
    3173             :                                    elemTypeLen,
    3174             :                                    val,
    3175             :                                    false,
    3176             :                                    elemByValue);
    3177             : 
    3178         138 :     return make_opclause(oproid,
    3179             :                          BOOLOID,
    3180             :                          false,
    3181             :                          elemExpr,
    3182             :                          constExpr,
    3183             :                          InvalidOid,
    3184             :                          rng_collation);
    3185             : }

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