LCOV - code coverage report
Current view: top level - src/backend/storage/smgr - smgr.c (source / functions) Hit Total Coverage
Test: PostgreSQL 17devel Lines: 154 161 95.7 %
Date: 2024-03-28 13:11:05 Functions: 27 28 96.4 %
Legend: Lines: hit not hit

          Line data    Source code
       1             : /*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
       2             :  *
       3             :  * smgr.c
       4             :  *    public interface routines to storage manager switch.
       5             :  *
       6             :  * All file system operations on relations dispatch through these routines.
       7             :  * An SMgrRelation represents physical on-disk relation files that are open
       8             :  * for reading and writing.
       9             :  *
      10             :  * When a relation is first accessed through the relation cache, the
      11             :  * corresponding SMgrRelation entry is opened by calling smgropen(), and the
      12             :  * reference is stored in the relation cache entry.
      13             :  *
      14             :  * Accesses that don't go through the relation cache open the SMgrRelation
      15             :  * directly.  That includes flushing buffers from the buffer cache, as well as
      16             :  * all accesses in auxiliary processes like the checkpointer or the WAL redo
      17             :  * in the startup process.
      18             :  *
      19             :  * Operations like CREATE, DROP, ALTER TABLE also hold SMgrRelation references
      20             :  * independent of the relation cache.  They need to prepare the physical files
      21             :  * before updating the relation cache.
      22             :  *
      23             :  * There is a hash table that holds all the SMgrRelation entries in the
      24             :  * backend.  If you call smgropen() twice for the same rel locator, you get a
      25             :  * reference to the same SMgrRelation. The reference is valid until the end of
      26             :  * transaction.  This makes repeated access to the same relation efficient,
      27             :  * and allows caching things like the relation size in the SMgrRelation entry.
      28             :  *
      29             :  * At end of transaction, all SMgrRelation entries that haven't been pinned
      30             :  * are removed.  An SMgrRelation can hold kernel file system descriptors for
      31             :  * the underlying files, and we'd like to close those reasonably soon if the
      32             :  * file gets deleted.  The SMgrRelations references held by the relcache are
      33             :  * pinned to prevent them from being closed.
      34             :  *
      35             :  * There is another mechanism to close file descriptors early:
      36             :  * PROCSIGNAL_BARRIER_SMGRRELEASE.  It is a request to immediately close all
      37             :  * file descriptors.  Upon receiving that signal, the backend closes all file
      38             :  * descriptors held open by SMgrRelations, but because it can happen in the
      39             :  * middle of a transaction, we cannot destroy the SMgrRelation objects
      40             :  * themselves, as there could pointers to them in active use.  See
      41             :  * smgrrelease() and smgrreleaseall().
      42             :  *
      43             :  * Portions Copyright (c) 1996-2024, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
      44             :  * Portions Copyright (c) 1994, Regents of the University of California
      45             :  *
      46             :  *
      47             :  * IDENTIFICATION
      48             :  *    src/backend/storage/smgr/smgr.c
      49             :  *
      50             :  *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
      51             :  */
      52             : #include "postgres.h"
      53             : 
      54             : #include "access/xlogutils.h"
      55             : #include "lib/ilist.h"
      56             : #include "storage/bufmgr.h"
      57             : #include "storage/ipc.h"
      58             : #include "storage/md.h"
      59             : #include "storage/smgr.h"
      60             : #include "utils/hsearch.h"
      61             : #include "utils/inval.h"
      62             : 
      63             : 
      64             : /*
      65             :  * This struct of function pointers defines the API between smgr.c and
      66             :  * any individual storage manager module.  Note that smgr subfunctions are
      67             :  * generally expected to report problems via elog(ERROR).  An exception is
      68             :  * that smgr_unlink should use elog(WARNING), rather than erroring out,
      69             :  * because we normally unlink relations during post-commit/abort cleanup,
      70             :  * and so it's too late to raise an error.  Also, various conditions that
      71             :  * would normally be errors should be allowed during bootstrap and/or WAL
      72             :  * recovery --- see comments in md.c for details.
      73             :  */
      74             : typedef struct f_smgr
      75             : {
      76             :     void        (*smgr_init) (void);    /* may be NULL */
      77             :     void        (*smgr_shutdown) (void);    /* may be NULL */
      78             :     void        (*smgr_open) (SMgrRelation reln);
      79             :     void        (*smgr_close) (SMgrRelation reln, ForkNumber forknum);
      80             :     void        (*smgr_create) (SMgrRelation reln, ForkNumber forknum,
      81             :                                 bool isRedo);
      82             :     bool        (*smgr_exists) (SMgrRelation reln, ForkNumber forknum);
      83             :     void        (*smgr_unlink) (RelFileLocatorBackend rlocator, ForkNumber forknum,
      84             :                                 bool isRedo);
      85             :     void        (*smgr_extend) (SMgrRelation reln, ForkNumber forknum,
      86             :                                 BlockNumber blocknum, const void *buffer, bool skipFsync);
      87             :     void        (*smgr_zeroextend) (SMgrRelation reln, ForkNumber forknum,
      88             :                                     BlockNumber blocknum, int nblocks, bool skipFsync);
      89             :     bool        (*smgr_prefetch) (SMgrRelation reln, ForkNumber forknum,
      90             :                                   BlockNumber blocknum, int nblocks);
      91             :     void        (*smgr_readv) (SMgrRelation reln, ForkNumber forknum,
      92             :                                BlockNumber blocknum,
      93             :                                void **buffers, BlockNumber nblocks);
      94             :     void        (*smgr_writev) (SMgrRelation reln, ForkNumber forknum,
      95             :                                 BlockNumber blocknum,
      96             :                                 const void **buffers, BlockNumber nblocks,
      97             :                                 bool skipFsync);
      98             :     void        (*smgr_writeback) (SMgrRelation reln, ForkNumber forknum,
      99             :                                    BlockNumber blocknum, BlockNumber nblocks);
     100             :     BlockNumber (*smgr_nblocks) (SMgrRelation reln, ForkNumber forknum);
     101             :     void        (*smgr_truncate) (SMgrRelation reln, ForkNumber forknum,
     102             :                                   BlockNumber nblocks);
     103             :     void        (*smgr_immedsync) (SMgrRelation reln, ForkNumber forknum);
     104             :     void        (*smgr_registersync) (SMgrRelation reln, ForkNumber forknum);
     105             : } f_smgr;
     106             : 
     107             : static const f_smgr smgrsw[] = {
     108             :     /* magnetic disk */
     109             :     {
     110             :         .smgr_init = mdinit,
     111             :         .smgr_shutdown = NULL,
     112             :         .smgr_open = mdopen,
     113             :         .smgr_close = mdclose,
     114             :         .smgr_create = mdcreate,
     115             :         .smgr_exists = mdexists,
     116             :         .smgr_unlink = mdunlink,
     117             :         .smgr_extend = mdextend,
     118             :         .smgr_zeroextend = mdzeroextend,
     119             :         .smgr_prefetch = mdprefetch,
     120             :         .smgr_readv = mdreadv,
     121             :         .smgr_writev = mdwritev,
     122             :         .smgr_writeback = mdwriteback,
     123             :         .smgr_nblocks = mdnblocks,
     124             :         .smgr_truncate = mdtruncate,
     125             :         .smgr_immedsync = mdimmedsync,
     126             :         .smgr_registersync = mdregistersync,
     127             :     }
     128             : };
     129             : 
     130             : static const int NSmgr = lengthof(smgrsw);
     131             : 
     132             : /*
     133             :  * Each backend has a hashtable that stores all extant SMgrRelation objects.
     134             :  * In addition, "unpinned" SMgrRelation objects are chained together in a list.
     135             :  */
     136             : static HTAB *SMgrRelationHash = NULL;
     137             : 
     138             : static dlist_head unpinned_relns;
     139             : 
     140             : /* local function prototypes */
     141             : static void smgrshutdown(int code, Datum arg);
     142             : static void smgrdestroy(SMgrRelation reln);
     143             : 
     144             : 
     145             : /*
     146             :  * smgrinit(), smgrshutdown() -- Initialize or shut down storage
     147             :  *                               managers.
     148             :  *
     149             :  * Note: smgrinit is called during backend startup (normal or standalone
     150             :  * case), *not* during postmaster start.  Therefore, any resources created
     151             :  * here or destroyed in smgrshutdown are backend-local.
     152             :  */
     153             : void
     154       29800 : smgrinit(void)
     155             : {
     156             :     int         i;
     157             : 
     158       59600 :     for (i = 0; i < NSmgr; i++)
     159             :     {
     160       29800 :         if (smgrsw[i].smgr_init)
     161       29800 :             smgrsw[i].smgr_init();
     162             :     }
     163             : 
     164             :     /* register the shutdown proc */
     165       29800 :     on_proc_exit(smgrshutdown, 0);
     166       29800 : }
     167             : 
     168             : /*
     169             :  * on_proc_exit hook for smgr cleanup during backend shutdown
     170             :  */
     171             : static void
     172       29800 : smgrshutdown(int code, Datum arg)
     173             : {
     174             :     int         i;
     175             : 
     176       59600 :     for (i = 0; i < NSmgr; i++)
     177             :     {
     178       29800 :         if (smgrsw[i].smgr_shutdown)
     179           0 :             smgrsw[i].smgr_shutdown();
     180             :     }
     181       29800 : }
     182             : 
     183             : /*
     184             :  * smgropen() -- Return an SMgrRelation object, creating it if need be.
     185             :  *
     186             :  * In versions of PostgreSQL prior to 17, this function returned an object
     187             :  * with no defined lifetime.  Now, however, the object remains valid for the
     188             :  * lifetime of the transaction, up to the point where AtEOXact_SMgr() is
     189             :  * called, making it much easier for callers to know for how long they can
     190             :  * hold on to a pointer to the returned object.  If this function is called
     191             :  * outside of a transaction, the object remains valid until smgrdestroy() or
     192             :  * smgrdestroyall() is called.  Background processes that use smgr but not
     193             :  * transactions typically do this once per checkpoint cycle.
     194             :  *
     195             :  * This does not attempt to actually open the underlying files.
     196             :  */
     197             : SMgrRelation
     198    15319280 : smgropen(RelFileLocator rlocator, ProcNumber backend)
     199             : {
     200             :     RelFileLocatorBackend brlocator;
     201             :     SMgrRelation reln;
     202             :     bool        found;
     203             : 
     204             :     Assert(RelFileNumberIsValid(rlocator.relNumber));
     205             : 
     206    15319280 :     if (SMgrRelationHash == NULL)
     207             :     {
     208             :         /* First time through: initialize the hash table */
     209             :         HASHCTL     ctl;
     210             : 
     211       26638 :         ctl.keysize = sizeof(RelFileLocatorBackend);
     212       26638 :         ctl.entrysize = sizeof(SMgrRelationData);
     213       26638 :         SMgrRelationHash = hash_create("smgr relation table", 400,
     214             :                                        &ctl, HASH_ELEM | HASH_BLOBS);
     215       26638 :         dlist_init(&unpinned_relns);
     216             :     }
     217             : 
     218             :     /* Look up or create an entry */
     219    15319280 :     brlocator.locator = rlocator;
     220    15319280 :     brlocator.backend = backend;
     221    15319280 :     reln = (SMgrRelation) hash_search(SMgrRelationHash,
     222             :                                       &brlocator,
     223             :                                       HASH_ENTER, &found);
     224             : 
     225             :     /* Initialize it if not present before */
     226    15319280 :     if (!found)
     227             :     {
     228             :         /* hash_search already filled in the lookup key */
     229     1539032 :         reln->smgr_targblock = InvalidBlockNumber;
     230     7695160 :         for (int i = 0; i <= MAX_FORKNUM; ++i)
     231     6156128 :             reln->smgr_cached_nblocks[i] = InvalidBlockNumber;
     232     1539032 :         reln->smgr_which = 0;    /* we only have md.c at present */
     233             : 
     234             :         /* implementation-specific initialization */
     235     1539032 :         smgrsw[reln->smgr_which].smgr_open(reln);
     236             : 
     237             :         /* it is not pinned yet */
     238     1539032 :         reln->pincount = 0;
     239     1539032 :         dlist_push_tail(&unpinned_relns, &reln->node);
     240             :     }
     241             : 
     242    15319280 :     return reln;
     243             : }
     244             : 
     245             : /*
     246             :  * smgrpin() -- Prevent an SMgrRelation object from being destroyed at end of
     247             :  *              of transaction
     248             :  */
     249             : void
     250     1299344 : smgrpin(SMgrRelation reln)
     251             : {
     252     1299344 :     if (reln->pincount == 0)
     253     1299344 :         dlist_delete(&reln->node);
     254     1299344 :     reln->pincount++;
     255     1299344 : }
     256             : 
     257             : /*
     258             :  * smgrunpin() -- Allow an SMgrRelation object to be destroyed at end of
     259             :  *                transaction
     260             :  *
     261             :  * The object remains valid, but if there are no other pins on it, it is moved
     262             :  * to the unpinned list where it will be destroyed by AtEOXact_SMgr().
     263             :  */
     264             : void
     265      361682 : smgrunpin(SMgrRelation reln)
     266             : {
     267             :     Assert(reln->pincount > 0);
     268      361682 :     reln->pincount--;
     269      361682 :     if (reln->pincount == 0)
     270      361682 :         dlist_push_tail(&unpinned_relns, &reln->node);
     271      361682 : }
     272             : 
     273             : /*
     274             :  * smgrdestroy() -- Delete an SMgrRelation object.
     275             :  */
     276             : static void
     277      524528 : smgrdestroy(SMgrRelation reln)
     278             : {
     279             :     ForkNumber  forknum;
     280             : 
     281             :     Assert(reln->pincount == 0);
     282             : 
     283     2622640 :     for (forknum = 0; forknum <= MAX_FORKNUM; forknum++)
     284     2098112 :         smgrsw[reln->smgr_which].smgr_close(reln, forknum);
     285             : 
     286      524528 :     dlist_delete(&reln->node);
     287             : 
     288      524528 :     if (hash_search(SMgrRelationHash,
     289      524528 :                     &(reln->smgr_rlocator),
     290             :                     HASH_REMOVE, NULL) == NULL)
     291           0 :         elog(ERROR, "SMgrRelation hashtable corrupted");
     292      524528 : }
     293             : 
     294             : /*
     295             :  * smgrrelease() -- Release all resources used by this object.
     296             :  *
     297             :  * The object remains valid.
     298             :  */
     299             : void
     300      694688 : smgrrelease(SMgrRelation reln)
     301             : {
     302     3473440 :     for (ForkNumber forknum = 0; forknum <= MAX_FORKNUM; forknum++)
     303             :     {
     304     2778752 :         smgrsw[reln->smgr_which].smgr_close(reln, forknum);
     305     2778752 :         reln->smgr_cached_nblocks[forknum] = InvalidBlockNumber;
     306             :     }
     307      694688 :     reln->smgr_targblock = InvalidBlockNumber;
     308      694688 : }
     309             : 
     310             : /*
     311             :  * smgrclose() -- Close an SMgrRelation object.
     312             :  *
     313             :  * The SMgrRelation reference should not be used after this call.  However,
     314             :  * because we don't keep track of the references returned by smgropen(), we
     315             :  * don't know if there are other references still pointing to the same object,
     316             :  * so we cannot remove the SMgrRelation object yet.  Therefore, this is just a
     317             :  * synonym for smgrrelease() at the moment.
     318             :  */
     319             : void
     320      509922 : smgrclose(SMgrRelation reln)
     321             : {
     322      509922 :     smgrrelease(reln);
     323      509922 : }
     324             : 
     325             : /*
     326             :  * smgrdestroyall() -- Release resources used by all unpinned objects.
     327             :  *
     328             :  * It must be known that there are no pointers to SMgrRelations, other than
     329             :  * those pinned with smgrpin().
     330             :  */
     331             : void
     332      566264 : smgrdestroyall(void)
     333             : {
     334             :     dlist_mutable_iter iter;
     335             : 
     336             :     /*
     337             :      * Zap all unpinned SMgrRelations.  We rely on smgrdestroy() to remove
     338             :      * each one from the list.
     339             :      */
     340     1090792 :     dlist_foreach_modify(iter, &unpinned_relns)
     341             :     {
     342      524528 :         SMgrRelation rel = dlist_container(SMgrRelationData, node,
     343             :                                            iter.cur);
     344             : 
     345      524528 :         smgrdestroy(rel);
     346             :     }
     347      566264 : }
     348             : 
     349             : /*
     350             :  * smgrreleaseall() -- Release resources used by all objects.
     351             :  */
     352             : void
     353        4696 : smgrreleaseall(void)
     354             : {
     355             :     HASH_SEQ_STATUS status;
     356             :     SMgrRelation reln;
     357             : 
     358             :     /* Nothing to do if hashtable not set up */
     359        4696 :     if (SMgrRelationHash == NULL)
     360         162 :         return;
     361             : 
     362        4534 :     hash_seq_init(&status, SMgrRelationHash);
     363             : 
     364      166928 :     while ((reln = (SMgrRelation) hash_seq_search(&status)) != NULL)
     365             :     {
     366      162394 :         smgrrelease(reln);
     367             :     }
     368             : }
     369             : 
     370             : /*
     371             :  * smgrreleaserellocator() -- Release resources for given RelFileLocator, if
     372             :  *                            it's open.
     373             :  *
     374             :  * This has the same effects as smgrrelease(smgropen(rlocator)), but avoids
     375             :  * uselessly creating a hashtable entry only to drop it again when no
     376             :  * such entry exists already.
     377             :  */
     378             : void
     379      385284 : smgrreleaserellocator(RelFileLocatorBackend rlocator)
     380             : {
     381             :     SMgrRelation reln;
     382             : 
     383             :     /* Nothing to do if hashtable not set up */
     384      385284 :     if (SMgrRelationHash == NULL)
     385         252 :         return;
     386             : 
     387      385032 :     reln = (SMgrRelation) hash_search(SMgrRelationHash,
     388             :                                       &rlocator,
     389             :                                       HASH_FIND, NULL);
     390      385032 :     if (reln != NULL)
     391       22372 :         smgrrelease(reln);
     392             : }
     393             : 
     394             : /*
     395             :  * smgrexists() -- Does the underlying file for a fork exist?
     396             :  */
     397             : bool
     398     1845920 : smgrexists(SMgrRelation reln, ForkNumber forknum)
     399             : {
     400     1845920 :     return smgrsw[reln->smgr_which].smgr_exists(reln, forknum);
     401             : }
     402             : 
     403             : /*
     404             :  * smgrcreate() -- Create a new relation.
     405             :  *
     406             :  * Given an already-created (but presumably unused) SMgrRelation,
     407             :  * cause the underlying disk file or other storage for the fork
     408             :  * to be created.
     409             :  */
     410             : void
     411     5476914 : smgrcreate(SMgrRelation reln, ForkNumber forknum, bool isRedo)
     412             : {
     413     5476914 :     smgrsw[reln->smgr_which].smgr_create(reln, forknum, isRedo);
     414     5476914 : }
     415             : 
     416             : /*
     417             :  * smgrdosyncall() -- Immediately sync all forks of all given relations
     418             :  *
     419             :  * All forks of all given relations are synced out to the store.
     420             :  *
     421             :  * This is equivalent to FlushRelationBuffers() for each smgr relation,
     422             :  * then calling smgrimmedsync() for all forks of each relation, but it's
     423             :  * significantly quicker so should be preferred when possible.
     424             :  */
     425             : void
     426          20 : smgrdosyncall(SMgrRelation *rels, int nrels)
     427             : {
     428          20 :     int         i = 0;
     429             :     ForkNumber  forknum;
     430             : 
     431          20 :     if (nrels == 0)
     432           0 :         return;
     433             : 
     434          20 :     FlushRelationsAllBuffers(rels, nrels);
     435             : 
     436             :     /*
     437             :      * Sync the physical file(s).
     438             :      */
     439          44 :     for (i = 0; i < nrels; i++)
     440             :     {
     441          24 :         int         which = rels[i]->smgr_which;
     442             : 
     443         120 :         for (forknum = 0; forknum <= MAX_FORKNUM; forknum++)
     444             :         {
     445          96 :             if (smgrsw[which].smgr_exists(rels[i], forknum))
     446          26 :                 smgrsw[which].smgr_immedsync(rels[i], forknum);
     447             :         }
     448             :     }
     449             : }
     450             : 
     451             : /*
     452             :  * smgrdounlinkall() -- Immediately unlink all forks of all given relations
     453             :  *
     454             :  * All forks of all given relations are removed from the store.  This
     455             :  * should not be used during transactional operations, since it can't be
     456             :  * undone.
     457             :  *
     458             :  * If isRedo is true, it is okay for the underlying file(s) to be gone
     459             :  * already.
     460             :  */
     461             : void
     462       24590 : smgrdounlinkall(SMgrRelation *rels, int nrels, bool isRedo)
     463             : {
     464       24590 :     int         i = 0;
     465             :     RelFileLocatorBackend *rlocators;
     466             :     ForkNumber  forknum;
     467             : 
     468       24590 :     if (nrels == 0)
     469         762 :         return;
     470             : 
     471             :     /*
     472             :      * Get rid of any remaining buffers for the relations.  bufmgr will just
     473             :      * drop them without bothering to write the contents.
     474             :      */
     475       23828 :     DropRelationsAllBuffers(rels, nrels);
     476             : 
     477             :     /*
     478             :      * create an array which contains all relations to be dropped, and close
     479             :      * each relation's forks at the smgr level while at it
     480             :      */
     481       23828 :     rlocators = palloc(sizeof(RelFileLocatorBackend) * nrels);
     482      106522 :     for (i = 0; i < nrels; i++)
     483             :     {
     484       82694 :         RelFileLocatorBackend rlocator = rels[i]->smgr_rlocator;
     485       82694 :         int         which = rels[i]->smgr_which;
     486             : 
     487       82694 :         rlocators[i] = rlocator;
     488             : 
     489             :         /* Close the forks at smgr level */
     490      413470 :         for (forknum = 0; forknum <= MAX_FORKNUM; forknum++)
     491      330776 :             smgrsw[which].smgr_close(rels[i], forknum);
     492             :     }
     493             : 
     494             :     /*
     495             :      * Send a shared-inval message to force other backends to close any
     496             :      * dangling smgr references they may have for these rels.  We should do
     497             :      * this before starting the actual unlinking, in case we fail partway
     498             :      * through that step.  Note that the sinval messages will eventually come
     499             :      * back to this backend, too, and thereby provide a backstop that we
     500             :      * closed our own smgr rel.
     501             :      */
     502      106522 :     for (i = 0; i < nrels; i++)
     503       82694 :         CacheInvalidateSmgr(rlocators[i]);
     504             : 
     505             :     /*
     506             :      * Delete the physical file(s).
     507             :      *
     508             :      * Note: smgr_unlink must treat deletion failure as a WARNING, not an
     509             :      * ERROR, because we've already decided to commit or abort the current
     510             :      * xact.
     511             :      */
     512             : 
     513      106522 :     for (i = 0; i < nrels; i++)
     514             :     {
     515       82694 :         int         which = rels[i]->smgr_which;
     516             : 
     517      413470 :         for (forknum = 0; forknum <= MAX_FORKNUM; forknum++)
     518      330776 :             smgrsw[which].smgr_unlink(rlocators[i], forknum, isRedo);
     519             :     }
     520             : 
     521       23828 :     pfree(rlocators);
     522             : }
     523             : 
     524             : 
     525             : /*
     526             :  * smgrextend() -- Add a new block to a file.
     527             :  *
     528             :  * The semantics are nearly the same as smgrwrite(): write at the
     529             :  * specified position.  However, this is to be used for the case of
     530             :  * extending a relation (i.e., blocknum is at or beyond the current
     531             :  * EOF).  Note that we assume writing a block beyond current EOF
     532             :  * causes intervening file space to become filled with zeroes.
     533             :  */
     534             : void
     535      213316 : smgrextend(SMgrRelation reln, ForkNumber forknum, BlockNumber blocknum,
     536             :            const void *buffer, bool skipFsync)
     537             : {
     538      213316 :     smgrsw[reln->smgr_which].smgr_extend(reln, forknum, blocknum,
     539             :                                          buffer, skipFsync);
     540             : 
     541             :     /*
     542             :      * Normally we expect this to increase nblocks by one, but if the cached
     543             :      * value isn't as expected, just invalidate it so the next call asks the
     544             :      * kernel.
     545             :      */
     546      213316 :     if (reln->smgr_cached_nblocks[forknum] == blocknum)
     547      106010 :         reln->smgr_cached_nblocks[forknum] = blocknum + 1;
     548             :     else
     549      107306 :         reln->smgr_cached_nblocks[forknum] = InvalidBlockNumber;
     550      213316 : }
     551             : 
     552             : /*
     553             :  * smgrzeroextend() -- Add new zeroed out blocks to a file.
     554             :  *
     555             :  * Similar to smgrextend(), except the relation can be extended by
     556             :  * multiple blocks at once and the added blocks will be filled with
     557             :  * zeroes.
     558             :  */
     559             : void
     560      368476 : smgrzeroextend(SMgrRelation reln, ForkNumber forknum, BlockNumber blocknum,
     561             :                int nblocks, bool skipFsync)
     562             : {
     563      368476 :     smgrsw[reln->smgr_which].smgr_zeroextend(reln, forknum, blocknum,
     564             :                                              nblocks, skipFsync);
     565             : 
     566             :     /*
     567             :      * Normally we expect this to increase the fork size by nblocks, but if
     568             :      * the cached value isn't as expected, just invalidate it so the next call
     569             :      * asks the kernel.
     570             :      */
     571      368476 :     if (reln->smgr_cached_nblocks[forknum] == blocknum)
     572      368476 :         reln->smgr_cached_nblocks[forknum] = blocknum + nblocks;
     573             :     else
     574           0 :         reln->smgr_cached_nblocks[forknum] = InvalidBlockNumber;
     575      368476 : }
     576             : 
     577             : /*
     578             :  * smgrprefetch() -- Initiate asynchronous read of the specified block of a relation.
     579             :  *
     580             :  * In recovery only, this can return false to indicate that a file
     581             :  * doesn't exist (presumably it has been dropped by a later WAL
     582             :  * record).
     583             :  */
     584             : bool
     585      252300 : smgrprefetch(SMgrRelation reln, ForkNumber forknum, BlockNumber blocknum,
     586             :              int nblocks)
     587             : {
     588      252300 :     return smgrsw[reln->smgr_which].smgr_prefetch(reln, forknum, blocknum, nblocks);
     589             : }
     590             : 
     591             : /*
     592             :  * smgrreadv() -- read a particular block range from a relation into the
     593             :  *               supplied buffers.
     594             :  *
     595             :  * This routine is called from the buffer manager in order to
     596             :  * instantiate pages in the shared buffer cache.  All storage managers
     597             :  * return pages in the format that POSTGRES expects.
     598             :  */
     599             : void
     600     2136586 : smgrreadv(SMgrRelation reln, ForkNumber forknum, BlockNumber blocknum,
     601             :           void **buffers, BlockNumber nblocks)
     602             : {
     603     2136586 :     smgrsw[reln->smgr_which].smgr_readv(reln, forknum, blocknum, buffers,
     604             :                                         nblocks);
     605     2136556 : }
     606             : 
     607             : /*
     608             :  * smgrwritev() -- Write the supplied buffers out.
     609             :  *
     610             :  * This is to be used only for updating already-existing blocks of a
     611             :  * relation (ie, those before the current EOF).  To extend a relation,
     612             :  * use smgrextend().
     613             :  *
     614             :  * This is not a synchronous write -- the block is not necessarily
     615             :  * on disk at return, only dumped out to the kernel.  However,
     616             :  * provisions will be made to fsync the write before the next checkpoint.
     617             :  *
     618             :  * NB: The mechanism to ensure fsync at next checkpoint assumes that there is
     619             :  * something that prevents a concurrent checkpoint from "racing ahead" of the
     620             :  * write.  One way to prevent that is by holding a lock on the buffer; the
     621             :  * buffer manager's writes are protected by that.  The bulk writer facility
     622             :  * in bulk_write.c checks the redo pointer and calls smgrimmedsync() if a
     623             :  * checkpoint happened; that relies on the fact that no other backend can be
     624             :  * concurrently modifying the page.
     625             :  *
     626             :  * skipFsync indicates that the caller will make other provisions to
     627             :  * fsync the relation, so we needn't bother.  Temporary relations also
     628             :  * do not require fsync.
     629             :  */
     630             : void
     631      884672 : smgrwritev(SMgrRelation reln, ForkNumber forknum, BlockNumber blocknum,
     632             :            const void **buffers, BlockNumber nblocks, bool skipFsync)
     633             : {
     634      884672 :     smgrsw[reln->smgr_which].smgr_writev(reln, forknum, blocknum,
     635             :                                          buffers, nblocks, skipFsync);
     636      884672 : }
     637             : 
     638             : /*
     639             :  * smgrwriteback() -- Trigger kernel writeback for the supplied range of
     640             :  *                     blocks.
     641             :  */
     642             : void
     643      133720 : smgrwriteback(SMgrRelation reln, ForkNumber forknum, BlockNumber blocknum,
     644             :               BlockNumber nblocks)
     645             : {
     646      133720 :     smgrsw[reln->smgr_which].smgr_writeback(reln, forknum, blocknum,
     647             :                                             nblocks);
     648      133720 : }
     649             : 
     650             : /*
     651             :  * smgrnblocks() -- Calculate the number of blocks in the
     652             :  *                  supplied relation.
     653             :  */
     654             : BlockNumber
     655     9808982 : smgrnblocks(SMgrRelation reln, ForkNumber forknum)
     656             : {
     657             :     BlockNumber result;
     658             : 
     659             :     /* Check and return if we get the cached value for the number of blocks. */
     660     9808982 :     result = smgrnblocks_cached(reln, forknum);
     661     9808982 :     if (result != InvalidBlockNumber)
     662     6327832 :         return result;
     663             : 
     664     3481150 :     result = smgrsw[reln->smgr_which].smgr_nblocks(reln, forknum);
     665             : 
     666     3481112 :     reln->smgr_cached_nblocks[forknum] = result;
     667             : 
     668     3481112 :     return result;
     669             : }
     670             : 
     671             : /*
     672             :  * smgrnblocks_cached() -- Get the cached number of blocks in the supplied
     673             :  *                         relation.
     674             :  *
     675             :  * Returns an InvalidBlockNumber when not in recovery and when the relation
     676             :  * fork size is not cached.
     677             :  */
     678             : BlockNumber
     679     9846182 : smgrnblocks_cached(SMgrRelation reln, ForkNumber forknum)
     680             : {
     681             :     /*
     682             :      * For now, we only use cached values in recovery due to lack of a shared
     683             :      * invalidation mechanism for changes in file size.
     684             :      */
     685     9846182 :     if (InRecovery && reln->smgr_cached_nblocks[forknum] != InvalidBlockNumber)
     686     6332270 :         return reln->smgr_cached_nblocks[forknum];
     687             : 
     688     3513912 :     return InvalidBlockNumber;
     689             : }
     690             : 
     691             : /*
     692             :  * smgrtruncate() -- Truncate the given forks of supplied relation to
     693             :  *                   each specified numbers of blocks
     694             :  *
     695             :  * The truncation is done immediately, so this can't be rolled back.
     696             :  *
     697             :  * The caller must hold AccessExclusiveLock on the relation, to ensure that
     698             :  * other backends receive the smgr invalidation event that this function sends
     699             :  * before they access any forks of the relation again.
     700             :  */
     701             : void
     702        1122 : smgrtruncate(SMgrRelation reln, ForkNumber *forknum, int nforks, BlockNumber *nblocks)
     703             : {
     704             :     int         i;
     705             : 
     706             :     /*
     707             :      * Get rid of any buffers for the about-to-be-deleted blocks. bufmgr will
     708             :      * just drop them without bothering to write the contents.
     709             :      */
     710        1122 :     DropRelationBuffers(reln, forknum, nforks, nblocks);
     711             : 
     712             :     /*
     713             :      * Send a shared-inval message to force other backends to close any smgr
     714             :      * references they may have for this rel.  This is useful because they
     715             :      * might have open file pointers to segments that got removed, and/or
     716             :      * smgr_targblock variables pointing past the new rel end.  (The inval
     717             :      * message will come back to our backend, too, causing a
     718             :      * probably-unnecessary local smgr flush.  But we don't expect that this
     719             :      * is a performance-critical path.)  As in the unlink code, we want to be
     720             :      * sure the message is sent before we start changing things on-disk.
     721             :      */
     722        1122 :     CacheInvalidateSmgr(reln->smgr_rlocator);
     723             : 
     724             :     /* Do the truncation */
     725        2656 :     for (i = 0; i < nforks; i++)
     726             :     {
     727             :         /* Make the cached size is invalid if we encounter an error. */
     728        1534 :         reln->smgr_cached_nblocks[forknum[i]] = InvalidBlockNumber;
     729             : 
     730        1534 :         smgrsw[reln->smgr_which].smgr_truncate(reln, forknum[i], nblocks[i]);
     731             : 
     732             :         /*
     733             :          * We might as well update the local smgr_cached_nblocks values. The
     734             :          * smgr cache inval message that this function sent will cause other
     735             :          * backends to invalidate their copies of smgr_fsm_nblocks and
     736             :          * smgr_vm_nblocks, and these ones too at the next command boundary.
     737             :          * But these ensure they aren't outright wrong until then.
     738             :          */
     739        1534 :         reln->smgr_cached_nblocks[forknum[i]] = nblocks[i];
     740             :     }
     741        1122 : }
     742             : 
     743             : /*
     744             :  * smgrregistersync() -- Request a relation to be sync'd at next checkpoint
     745             :  *
     746             :  * This can be used after calling smgrwrite() or smgrextend() with skipFsync =
     747             :  * true, to register the fsyncs that were skipped earlier.
     748             :  *
     749             :  * Note: be mindful that a checkpoint could already have happened between the
     750             :  * smgrwrite or smgrextend calls and this!  In that case, the checkpoint
     751             :  * already missed fsyncing this relation, and you should use smgrimmedsync
     752             :  * instead.  Most callers should use the bulk loading facility in bulk_write.c
     753             :  * which handles all that.
     754             :  */
     755             : void
     756       43874 : smgrregistersync(SMgrRelation reln, ForkNumber forknum)
     757             : {
     758       43874 :     smgrsw[reln->smgr_which].smgr_registersync(reln, forknum);
     759       43874 : }
     760             : 
     761             : /*
     762             :  * smgrimmedsync() -- Force the specified relation to stable storage.
     763             :  *
     764             :  * Synchronously force all previous writes to the specified relation
     765             :  * down to disk.
     766             :  *
     767             :  * This is useful for building completely new relations (eg, new
     768             :  * indexes).  Instead of incrementally WAL-logging the index build
     769             :  * steps, we can just write completed index pages to disk with smgrwrite
     770             :  * or smgrextend, and then fsync the completed index file before
     771             :  * committing the transaction.  (This is sufficient for purposes of
     772             :  * crash recovery, since it effectively duplicates forcing a checkpoint
     773             :  * for the completed index.  But it is *not* sufficient if one wishes
     774             :  * to use the WAL log for PITR or replication purposes: in that case
     775             :  * we have to make WAL entries as well.)
     776             :  *
     777             :  * The preceding writes should specify skipFsync = true to avoid
     778             :  * duplicative fsyncs.
     779             :  *
     780             :  * Note that you need to do FlushRelationBuffers() first if there is
     781             :  * any possibility that there are dirty buffers for the relation;
     782             :  * otherwise the sync is not very meaningful.
     783             :  *
     784             :  * Most callers should use the bulk loading facility in bulk_write.c
     785             :  * instead of calling this directly.
     786             :  */
     787             : void
     788           0 : smgrimmedsync(SMgrRelation reln, ForkNumber forknum)
     789             : {
     790           0 :     smgrsw[reln->smgr_which].smgr_immedsync(reln, forknum);
     791           0 : }
     792             : 
     793             : /*
     794             :  * AtEOXact_SMgr
     795             :  *
     796             :  * This routine is called during transaction commit or abort (it doesn't
     797             :  * particularly care which).  All unpinned SMgrRelation objects are destroyed.
     798             :  *
     799             :  * We do this as a compromise between wanting transient SMgrRelations to
     800             :  * live awhile (to amortize the costs of blind writes of multiple blocks)
     801             :  * and needing them to not live forever (since we're probably holding open
     802             :  * a kernel file descriptor for the underlying file, and we need to ensure
     803             :  * that gets closed reasonably soon if the file gets deleted).
     804             :  */
     805             : void
     806      565112 : AtEOXact_SMgr(void)
     807             : {
     808      565112 :     smgrdestroyall();
     809      565112 : }
     810             : 
     811             : /*
     812             :  * This routine is called when we are ordered to release all open files by a
     813             :  * ProcSignalBarrier.
     814             :  */
     815             : bool
     816         572 : ProcessBarrierSmgrRelease(void)
     817             : {
     818         572 :     smgrreleaseall();
     819         572 :     return true;
     820             : }

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