Line data Source code
1 : /*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
2 : *
3 : * ginbulk.c
4 : * routines for fast build of inverted index
5 : *
6 : *
7 : * Portions Copyright (c) 1996-2026, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
8 : * Portions Copyright (c) 1994, Regents of the University of California
9 : *
10 : * IDENTIFICATION
11 : * src/backend/access/gin/ginbulk.c
12 : *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
13 : */
14 :
15 : #include "postgres.h"
16 :
17 : #include <limits.h>
18 :
19 : #include "access/gin_private.h"
20 : #include "utils/datum.h"
21 : #include "utils/memutils.h"
22 :
23 :
24 : #define DEF_NENTRY 2048 /* GinEntryAccumulator allocation quantum */
25 : #define DEF_NPTR 5 /* ItemPointer initial allocation quantum */
26 :
27 :
28 : /* Combiner function for rbtree.c */
29 : static void
30 1234191 : ginCombineData(RBTNode *existing, const RBTNode *newdata, void *arg)
31 : {
32 1234191 : GinEntryAccumulator *eo = (GinEntryAccumulator *) existing;
33 1234191 : const GinEntryAccumulator *en = (const GinEntryAccumulator *) newdata;
34 1234191 : BuildAccumulator *accum = (BuildAccumulator *) arg;
35 :
36 : /*
37 : * Note this code assumes that newdata contains only one itempointer.
38 : */
39 1234191 : if (eo->count >= eo->maxcount)
40 : {
41 46602 : if (eo->maxcount > INT_MAX)
42 0 : ereport(ERROR,
43 : (errcode(ERRCODE_PROGRAM_LIMIT_EXCEEDED),
44 : errmsg("posting list is too long"),
45 : errhint("Reduce \"maintenance_work_mem\".")));
46 :
47 46602 : accum->allocatedMemory -= GetMemoryChunkSpace(eo->list);
48 46602 : eo->maxcount *= 2;
49 46602 : eo->list = (ItemPointerData *)
50 46602 : repalloc_huge(eo->list, sizeof(ItemPointerData) * eo->maxcount);
51 46602 : accum->allocatedMemory += GetMemoryChunkSpace(eo->list);
52 : }
53 :
54 : /* If item pointers are not ordered, they will need to be sorted later */
55 1234191 : if (eo->shouldSort == false)
56 : {
57 : int res;
58 :
59 1234191 : res = ginCompareItemPointers(eo->list + eo->count - 1, en->list);
60 : Assert(res != 0);
61 :
62 1234191 : if (res > 0)
63 0 : eo->shouldSort = true;
64 : }
65 :
66 1234191 : eo->list[eo->count] = en->list[0];
67 1234191 : eo->count++;
68 1234191 : }
69 :
70 : /* Comparator function for rbtree.c */
71 : static int
72 14408172 : cmpEntryAccumulator(const RBTNode *a, const RBTNode *b, void *arg)
73 : {
74 14408172 : const GinEntryAccumulator *ea = (const GinEntryAccumulator *) a;
75 14408172 : const GinEntryAccumulator *eb = (const GinEntryAccumulator *) b;
76 14408172 : BuildAccumulator *accum = (BuildAccumulator *) arg;
77 :
78 28816344 : return ginCompareAttEntries(accum->ginstate,
79 14408172 : ea->attnum, ea->key, ea->category,
80 14408172 : eb->attnum, eb->key, eb->category);
81 : }
82 :
83 : /* Allocator function for rbtree.c */
84 : static RBTNode *
85 265893 : ginAllocEntryAccumulator(void *arg)
86 : {
87 265893 : BuildAccumulator *accum = (BuildAccumulator *) arg;
88 : GinEntryAccumulator *ea;
89 :
90 : /*
91 : * Allocate memory by rather big chunks to decrease overhead. We have no
92 : * need to reclaim RBTNodes individually, so this costs nothing.
93 : */
94 265893 : if (accum->entryallocator == NULL || accum->eas_used >= DEF_NENTRY)
95 : {
96 307 : accum->entryallocator = palloc_array(GinEntryAccumulator, DEF_NENTRY);
97 307 : accum->allocatedMemory += GetMemoryChunkSpace(accum->entryallocator);
98 307 : accum->eas_used = 0;
99 : }
100 :
101 : /* Allocate new RBTNode from current chunk */
102 265893 : ea = accum->entryallocator + accum->eas_used;
103 265893 : accum->eas_used++;
104 :
105 265893 : return (RBTNode *) ea;
106 : }
107 :
108 : void
109 291 : ginInitBA(BuildAccumulator *accum)
110 : {
111 : /* accum->ginstate is intentionally not set here */
112 291 : accum->allocatedMemory = 0;
113 291 : accum->entryallocator = NULL;
114 291 : accum->eas_used = 0;
115 291 : accum->tree = rbt_create(sizeof(GinEntryAccumulator),
116 : cmpEntryAccumulator,
117 : ginCombineData,
118 : ginAllocEntryAccumulator,
119 : NULL, /* no freefunc needed */
120 : accum);
121 291 : }
122 :
123 : /*
124 : * This is basically the same as datumCopy(), but extended to count
125 : * palloc'd space in accum->allocatedMemory.
126 : */
127 : static Datum
128 265815 : getDatumCopy(BuildAccumulator *accum, OffsetNumber attnum, Datum value)
129 : {
130 : CompactAttribute *att;
131 : Datum res;
132 :
133 265815 : att = TupleDescCompactAttr(accum->ginstate->origTupdesc, attnum - 1);
134 265815 : if (att->attbyval)
135 249838 : res = value;
136 : else
137 : {
138 15977 : res = datumCopy(value, false, att->attlen);
139 15977 : accum->allocatedMemory += GetMemoryChunkSpace(DatumGetPointer(res));
140 : }
141 265815 : return res;
142 : }
143 :
144 : /*
145 : * Find/store one entry from indexed value.
146 : */
147 : static void
148 1500084 : ginInsertBAEntry(BuildAccumulator *accum,
149 : ItemPointer heapptr, OffsetNumber attnum,
150 : Datum key, GinNullCategory category)
151 : {
152 : GinEntryAccumulator eatmp;
153 : GinEntryAccumulator *ea;
154 : bool isNew;
155 :
156 : /*
157 : * For the moment, fill only the fields of eatmp that will be looked at by
158 : * cmpEntryAccumulator or ginCombineData.
159 : */
160 1500084 : eatmp.attnum = attnum;
161 1500084 : eatmp.key = key;
162 1500084 : eatmp.category = category;
163 : /* temporarily set up single-entry itempointer list */
164 1500084 : eatmp.list = heapptr;
165 :
166 1500084 : ea = (GinEntryAccumulator *) rbt_insert(accum->tree, (RBTNode *) &eatmp,
167 : &isNew);
168 :
169 1500084 : if (isNew)
170 : {
171 : /*
172 : * Finish initializing new tree entry, including making permanent
173 : * copies of the datum (if it's not null) and itempointer.
174 : */
175 265893 : if (category == GIN_CAT_NORM_KEY)
176 265815 : ea->key = getDatumCopy(accum, attnum, key);
177 265893 : ea->maxcount = DEF_NPTR;
178 265893 : ea->count = 1;
179 265893 : ea->shouldSort = false;
180 265893 : ea->list = palloc_array(ItemPointerData, DEF_NPTR);
181 265893 : ea->list[0] = *heapptr;
182 265893 : accum->allocatedMemory += GetMemoryChunkSpace(ea->list);
183 : }
184 : else
185 : {
186 : /*
187 : * ginCombineData did everything needed.
188 : */
189 : }
190 1500084 : }
191 :
192 : /*
193 : * Insert the entries for one heap pointer.
194 : *
195 : * Since the entries are being inserted into a balanced binary tree, you
196 : * might think that the order of insertion wouldn't be critical, but it turns
197 : * out that inserting the entries in sorted order results in a lot of
198 : * rebalancing operations and is slow. To prevent this, we attempt to insert
199 : * the nodes in an order that will produce a nearly-balanced tree if the input
200 : * is in fact sorted.
201 : *
202 : * We do this as follows. First, we imagine that we have an array whose size
203 : * is the smallest power of two greater than or equal to the actual array
204 : * size. Second, we insert the middle entry of our virtual array into the
205 : * tree; then, we insert the middles of each half of our virtual array, then
206 : * middles of quarters, etc.
207 : */
208 : void
209 662977 : ginInsertBAEntries(BuildAccumulator *accum,
210 : ItemPointer heapptr, OffsetNumber attnum,
211 : Datum *entries, GinNullCategory *categories,
212 : int32 nentries)
213 : {
214 662977 : uint32 step = nentries;
215 :
216 662977 : if (nentries <= 0)
217 0 : return;
218 :
219 : Assert(ItemPointerIsValid(heapptr) && attnum >= FirstOffsetNumber);
220 :
221 : /*
222 : * step will contain largest power of 2 and <= nentries
223 : */
224 662977 : step |= (step >> 1);
225 662977 : step |= (step >> 2);
226 662977 : step |= (step >> 4);
227 662977 : step |= (step >> 8);
228 662977 : step |= (step >> 16);
229 662977 : step >>= 1;
230 662977 : step++;
231 :
232 1663693 : while (step > 0)
233 : {
234 : int i;
235 :
236 2500800 : for (i = step - 1; i < nentries && i >= 0; i += step << 1 /* *2 */ )
237 1500084 : ginInsertBAEntry(accum, heapptr, attnum,
238 1500084 : entries[i], categories[i]);
239 :
240 1000716 : step >>= 1; /* /2 */
241 : }
242 : }
243 :
244 : static int
245 0 : qsortCompareItemPointers(const void *a, const void *b)
246 : {
247 0 : int res = ginCompareItemPointers((ItemPointer) a, (ItemPointer) b);
248 :
249 : /* Assert that there are no equal item pointers being sorted */
250 : Assert(res != 0);
251 0 : return res;
252 : }
253 :
254 : /* Prepare to read out the rbtree contents using ginGetBAEntry */
255 : void
256 252 : ginBeginBAScan(BuildAccumulator *accum)
257 : {
258 252 : rbt_begin_iterate(accum->tree, LeftRightWalk, &accum->tree_walk);
259 252 : }
260 :
261 : /*
262 : * Get the next entry in sequence from the BuildAccumulator's rbtree.
263 : * This consists of a single key datum and a list (array) of one or more
264 : * heap TIDs in which that key is found. The list is guaranteed sorted.
265 : */
266 : ItemPointerData *
267 266145 : ginGetBAEntry(BuildAccumulator *accum,
268 : OffsetNumber *attnum, Datum *key, GinNullCategory *category,
269 : uint32 *n)
270 : {
271 : GinEntryAccumulator *entry;
272 : ItemPointerData *list;
273 :
274 266145 : entry = (GinEntryAccumulator *) rbt_iterate(&accum->tree_walk);
275 :
276 266145 : if (entry == NULL)
277 252 : return NULL; /* no more entries */
278 :
279 265893 : *attnum = entry->attnum;
280 265893 : *key = entry->key;
281 265893 : *category = entry->category;
282 265893 : list = entry->list;
283 265893 : *n = entry->count;
284 :
285 : Assert(list != NULL && entry->count > 0);
286 :
287 265893 : if (entry->shouldSort && entry->count > 1)
288 0 : qsort(list, entry->count, sizeof(ItemPointerData),
289 : qsortCompareItemPointers);
290 :
291 265893 : return list;
292 : }
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